---
title: lovingly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lovingly» in the school dictionary: Lovingly means in a way that shows love and care. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lovingly

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** way, you, Mum, Gran, volunteers, He · **What happens:** mean, show, care, do, look, decorate · **To what, where:** love, something, cake, old train, soft fur, present

<!-- .vabout -->
«lovingly» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lovingly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lovingly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lovingly means in a way that shows love and care.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lovingly:m1:1
# text = Lovingly means in a way that shows love and care.
1	Lovingly	lovingly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | in a way; lovingly *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute |
| 2 | **show** | present | a way | love and care |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent love=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lovingly also means very carefully and gently, with great attention, because you care about doing something well.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lovingly:m2:1
# text = Lovingly also means very carefully and gently, with great attention, because you care about doing something well.
1	Lovingly	lovingly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	care	care	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
18	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	17	obj	_	_
19	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | carefully, lovingly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **care** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **do** | gerund | you *not said here* | something |  |  |  | well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum looked lovingly at the new baby.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lovingly:x1:1
# text = Mum looked lovingly at the new baby.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lovingly	lovingly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | Mum |  |  |  |  | at the new baby; lovingly *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at baby=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cake was lovingly decorated by Gran.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lovingly:x2:1
# text = The cake was lovingly decorated by Gran.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	lovingly	lovingly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	decorated	decorate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decorate** | past · passive | Gran | the cake |  |  |  | lovingly *property* | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old train was lovingly restored by volunteers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lovingly:x3:1
# text = The old train was lovingly restored by volunteers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	lovingly	lovingly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	restored	restore	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	volunteers	volunteer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **restore** | past · passive | volunteers | the old train |  |  |  | lovingly *property* | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He lovingly stroked the cat's soft fur.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lovingly:x4:1
# text = He lovingly stroked the cat's soft fur.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	lovingly	lovingly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	stroked	stroke	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stroke** | past | He | the cat's soft fur |  |  |  | lovingly *property* | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fur=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wrapped each present lovingly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lovingly:x5:1
# text = She wrapped each present lovingly.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wrapped	wrap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	lovingly	lovingly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wrap** | past | She | each present |  |  |  | lovingly *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent present=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The garden is lovingly cared for by the whole street.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lovingly:x6:1
# text = The garden is lovingly cared for by the whole street.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	lovingly	lovingly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	cared	care	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **care** | present · passive |  | the garden |  |  |  | for the whole street; lovingly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When he got there, they greeted each other lovingly, and then she hid him again as before.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lovingly:x7:1
# text = When he got there, they greeted each other lovingly, and then she hid him again as before.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	greeted	greet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	obj	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	lovingly	lovingly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
14	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	again	again	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
18	as	as	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	before	before	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | he |  |  | there |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **greet** *speech: greet* | past | they | each |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Theme |
| 3 | **hide** | past | she | him *= he* |  |  | then; again | before *property* | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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