---
title: loyal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «loyal» in the school dictionary: Always supporting and caring about a friend, family, team or country, and not letting them down. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# loyal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** dog, loyal friend, things, knight, team, loyal fans · **What happens:** support, care, not let down, be, follow, stick · **To what, where:** team, me, loyal fans, game, secret, someone · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«loyal» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [loyal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/loyal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Always supporting and caring about a friend, family, team or country, and not letting them down.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loyal:m1:1
# text = Always supporting and caring about a friend, family, team or country, and not letting them down.
1	Always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
2	supporting	support	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	caring	care	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	letting	let	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	down	down	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **support** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **care** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | about a friend and family and team or country | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus what S»: agent=Experiencer about friend=Stimulus |
| 3 | **not** **let down** | gerund |  | team |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My dog is very loyal; he follows me everywhere.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loyal:x1:1
# text = My dog is very loyal; he follows me everywhere.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
9	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My dog |  |  |  |  | loyal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **follow** | present | dog | me |  |  |  | everywhere *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A loyal friend sticks by you when things are hard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loyal:x2:1
# text = A loyal friend sticks by you when things are hard.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stick** | present | a loyal friend |  |  |  |  | by you | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by you=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | present | things |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The knight was loyal to the king.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loyal:x3:1
# text = The knight was loyal to the king.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the knight |  |  |  |  | to the king; loyal *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team has loyal fans who come to every game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loyal:x4:1
# text = The team has loyal fans who come to every game.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	fans	fan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the team | loyal fans |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fan=Patient |
| 2 | **come** | present | loyal fans |  |  | every game |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to game=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She stayed loyal to her friends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loyal:x5:1
# text = She stayed loyal to her friends.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | She |  |  |  |  | loyal *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being loyal doesn't mean keeping a secret that could hurt someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loyal:x6:1
# text = Being loyal doesn't mean keeping a secret that could hurt someone.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	csubj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	secret	secret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | loyal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **mean** | present · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **keep** *not said to happen* | gerund |  | a secret |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent secret=Theme |
| 4 | **hurt** | could | a secret | someone |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Have you forgotten what I told you, that although she is your step-mother you must be obedient and loyal to her?

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loyal:x7:1
# text = Have you forgotten what I told you, that although she is your step-mother you must be obedient and loyal to her?
1	Have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	forgotten	forget	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	6	obj	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	ccomp	_	_
10	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
13	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
14	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	cop	_	_
20	obedient	obedient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	acl:relcl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	_
23	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forget** | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | I |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient what=Topic |
| 3 | **is a** | present | she | your step mother |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | must | you | your step mother *not said here* |  |  |  | obedient *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | you *not said here* |  | her *= she* |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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