---
title: luminescence — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «luminescence» in the school dictionary: Luminescence is light given off by something that is not hot, for example glow-in-the-dark stickers, fireflies or some deep-sea fish. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# luminescence

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Glow, you, Fireflies, Scientists, watch hands · **What happens:** be, give off, not be, glow, show, switch off · **To what, where:** Luminescence light, jellyfish, luminescence, light, own luminescence, waves

<!-- .vabout -->
«luminescence» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [luminescence in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/luminescence.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Luminescence is light given off by something that is not hot, for example glow-in-the-dark stickers, fireflies or some deep-sea fish.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luminescence:m1:1
# text = Luminescence is light given off by something that is not hot, for example glow-in-the-dark stickers, fireflies or some deep-sea fish.
1	Luminescence	luminescence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	glow	glow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	stickers	sticker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	fireflies	firefly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
26	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	30	det	_	_
27	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Luminescence light and example glow |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give off** | participle |  | Luminescence light and example glow *not said here* |  |  |  | by something | vn substance\_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The jellyfish glowed with a blue luminescence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luminescence:x1:1
# text = The jellyfish glowed with a blue luminescence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	jellyfish	jellyfish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	glowed	glow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	luminescence	luminescence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glow** | participle |  | the jellyfish *not said here* |  |  |  | with a blue luminescence | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with luminescence=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Glow-in-the-dark stars show luminescence after you switch off the light.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luminescence:x2:1
# text = Glow-in-the-dark stars show luminescence after you switch off the light.
1	Glow	glow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
9	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	luminescence	luminescence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	switch	switch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
14	off	off	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | Glow and the dark stars | luminescence |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent luminescence=Recipient |
| 2 | **switch off** | present | you | the light |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fireflies make their own luminescence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luminescence:x3:1
# text = Fireflies make their own luminescence.
1	Fireflies	firefly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	luminescence	luminescence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Fireflies | Fireflies's own luminescence |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset luminescence=Product |
| 2 | **luminesce** |  | Fireflies *= firefly* |  |  |  |  |  | nom luminescence «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The waves sparkled with luminescence at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luminescence:x4:1
# text = The waves sparkled with luminescence at night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	sparkled	sparkle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	luminescence	luminescence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sparkle** | participle |  | the waves *not said here* |  |  | night | with luminescence | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with luminescence=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists study luminescence in deep-sea animals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luminescence:x5:1
# text = Scientists study luminescence in deep-sea animals.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	study	study	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	luminescence	luminescence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | present | Scientists | luminescence |  |  |  | in sea animals | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent luminescence=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The watch hands shine by luminescence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luminescence:x6:1
# text = The watch hands shine by luminescence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shine	shine	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	luminescence	luminescence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shine** | present | the watch hands |  |  |  |  | by luminescence | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by luminescence=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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