---
title: lunacy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lunacy» in the school dictionary: Lunacy is great foolishness or madness, an act that makes no sense. (Old-fashioned word for madness.). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lunacy

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**Who acts:** Lunacy, act, It, plan, His · **What happens:** be, make, climb, plan, shout · **To what, where:** great foolishness, sense, sheer lunacy, cliff, storm, pure lunacy

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«lunacy» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lunacy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lunacy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lunacy is great foolishness or madness, an act that makes no sense. (Old-fashioned word for madness.).

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Lunacy is great foolishness or madness, an act that makes no sense.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lunacy:m1:1
# text = Lunacy is great foolishness or madness, an act that makes no sense.
1	Lunacy	Lunacy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	foolishness	foolishness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	madness	madness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	13	det	_	_
13	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Lunacy | great foolishness or madness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | a act | no sense |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sense=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (Old-fashioned word for madness.).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lunacy:m1:2
# text = (Old-fashioned word for madness.).
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	fashioned	fashioned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	madness	madness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was sheer lunacy to climb the cliff in the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lunacy:x1:1
# text = It was sheer lunacy to climb the cliff in the storm.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	sheer	sheer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	lunacy	lunacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	climb	climb	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | sheer lunacy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **climb** | to-infinitive |  | the cliff |  | the storm |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location cliff=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His plan was pure lunacy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lunacy:x2:1
# text = His plan was pure lunacy.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	lunacy	lunacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | His plan | pure lunacy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **plan** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Lunacy!» shouted the angry man.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lunacy:x3:1
# text = «Lunacy!» shouted the angry man.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Lunacy	lunacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | Lunacy | the angry man |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Topic |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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