---
title: lush — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lush» in the school dictionary: Lush plants or places are green, thick and growing well: «lush grass», «a lush rainforest». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lush

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lush plants, Lush, cake, person, rainforest, garden · **What happens:** be, grow, mean, look, drink, graze · **To what, where:** person, much alcohol, lush carpets, character, old film, much · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«lush» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lush in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lush.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lush plants or places are green, thick and growing well: «lush grass», «a lush rainforest».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:m1:1
# text = Lush plants or places are green, thick and growing well: «lush grass», «a lush rainforest».
1	Lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	conj	_	_
11	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Lush plants or places |  |  |  |  | green *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Lush plants or places *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow** | gerund | Lush plants or places *not said here* |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lush can mean rich, comfortable and expensive-looking: «lush velvet curtains».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:m2:1
# text = Lush can mean rich, comfortable and expensive-looking: «lush velvet curtains».
1	Lush	lush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	expensive	expensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	velvet	velvet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	curtains	curtain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Lush |  |  |  |  | rich *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | Lush *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK slang, especially Wales and the South West — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lush means lovely, great or delicious: «That cake was lush!»; it can also mean good-looking.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:m3:1
# text = Lush means lovely, great or delicious: «That cake was lush!»; it can also mean good-looking.
1	Lush	lush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	delicious	delicious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	also	also	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
21	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Lush |  |  |  |  | lovely *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | past | that cake |  |  |  |  | lush *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | can | cake |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **look** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US, rude, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lush is a person who drinks too much alcohol.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:m4:1
# text = A lush is a person who drinks too much alcohol.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lush	lush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	drinks	drink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	too	too	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lush | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **drink** | present | a person | much alcohol |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rainforest was lush and green.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:x1:1
# text = The rainforest was lush and green.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rainforest	rainforest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the rainforest |  |  |  |  | lush *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the rainforest *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the rain, the garden looked lush.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:x2:1
# text = After the rain, the garden looked lush.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the garden |  |  |  | after the rain | lush *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cows grazed on the lush meadow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:x3:1
# text = Cows grazed on the lush meadow.
1	Cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grazed	graze	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	meadow	meadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **graze** | past | Cows |  |  |  |  | on the lush meadow | vn dine-39.5 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent on meadow=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«This pizza is lush!» said Rhys.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:x4:1
# text = «This pizza is lush!» said Rhys.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	pizza	pizza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Rhys	Rhys	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | this pizza |  |  |  |  | lush *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | past | lush |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hotel room had lush carpets and soft cushions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:x5:1
# text = The hotel room had lush carpets and soft cushions.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	hotel	hotel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	lush	lush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	carpets	carpet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	cushions	cushion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the hotel room | lush carpets and soft cushions |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent carpet=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The valley was lush, unlike the dry hills around it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:x6:1
# text = The valley was lush, unlike the dry hills around it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	lush	lush	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	unlike	unlike	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
10	around	around	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the valley |  |  |  |  | unlike the dry hills around it; lush *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the old film, a character was called a lush because he drank too much.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lush:x7:1
# text = In the old film, a character was called a lush because he drank too much.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	lush	lush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	xcomp	_	_
12	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	drank	drink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
15	too	too	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past · passive |  | a character |  | the old film |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **drink** | past | he | much |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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