---
title: lustrous — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lustrous» in the school dictionary: Shining softly and brightly, with a smooth glowing surface, like pearls, silk or healthy hair. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lustrous

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** metals, horse, Gold, lustrous metal, lustrous hair, cut sodium · **What happens:** shine, glow, have, polish, cut, be · **To what, where:** shiny look, metals, lustrous black coat, lustrous metal, sunlight, old copper coin

<!-- .vabout -->
«lustrous» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lustrous in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lustrous.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shining softly and brightly, with a smooth glowing surface, like pearls, silk or healthy hair.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:m1:1
# text = Shining softly and brightly, with a smooth glowing surface, like pearls, silk or healthy hair.
1	Shining	shine	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	softly	softly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	brightly	brightly	ADV	RB	_	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	glowing	glow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
10	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	pearls	pearl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	silk	silk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shine** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with a smooth glowing surface and pearls; softly *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with surface=Theme |
| 2 | **glow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Having lustre: the shiny look that metals and some minerals have when they are polished or freshly cut.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:m2:1
# text = Having lustre: the shiny look that metals and some minerals have when they are polished or freshly cut.
1	Having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	lustre	lustre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	look	look	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obj	_	_
8	metals	metal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	minerals	mineral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
12	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
13	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	polished	polish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	xcomp	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	freshly	freshly	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | present | metals and some minerals | the shiny look |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **polish** | present · passive |  | metals *= metal* |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |
| 4 | **cut** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | freshly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The horse had a lustrous black coat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:x1:1
# text = The horse had a lustrous black coat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	lustrous	lustrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the horse | a lustrous black coat |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gold is a lustrous metal that does not rust.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:x2:1
# text = Gold is a lustrous metal that does not rust.
1	Gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	lustrous	lustrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	rust	rust	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Gold | a lustrous metal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **rust** | present · do-support | a lustrous metal |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her lustrous hair shone in the sunlight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:x3:1
# text = Her lustrous hair shone in the sunlight.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	lustrous	lustrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shone	shine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shine** | participle | Her lustrous hair |  |  | the sunlight |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sunlight=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Metals are usually lustrous, hard and good conductors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:x4:1
# text = Metals are usually lustrous, hard and good conductors.
1	Metals	metal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	lustrous	lustrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	conductors	conductor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Metals |  |  |  |  | lustrous, usually *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Freshly cut sodium is lustrous, but it soon goes dull in air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:x5:1
# text = Freshly cut sodium is lustrous, but it soon goes dull in air.
1	Freshly	freshly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	sodium	sodium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	lustrous	lustrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
10	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	dull	dull	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | freshly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present | cut sodium |  |  |  |  | lustrous *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | present | sodium |  |  |  |  | dull, soon *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pearl was smooth and lustrous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:x6:1
# text = The pearl was smooth and lustrous.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pearl	pearl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	lustrous	lustrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the pearl |  |  |  |  | smooth *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the pearl *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat's fur was thick and lustrous after a good brush.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:x7:1
# text = The cat's fur was thick and lustrous after a good brush.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	lustrous	lustrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	brush	brush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the cat's fur |  |  |  | after a good brush | thick *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the cat's fur *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We rubbed the old copper coin until it was lustrous again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:x8:1
# text = We rubbed the old copper coin until it was lustrous again.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	rubbed	rub	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	lustrous	lustrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rub** | past | We | the old copper coin |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent coin=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | coin |  |  |  | again | lustrous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Instantly the lady opened her lustrous eyes, and saw the Eagle hovering near.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lustrous:x9:1
# text = Instantly the lady opened her lustrous eyes, and saw the Eagle hovering near.
1	Instantly	instantly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	lustrous	lustrous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Eagle	Eagle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	hovering	hover	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	xcomp	_	_
14	near	near	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | the lady | lady's lustrous eyes |  |  |  | instantly *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location eye=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | the lady *not said here* | the Eagle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hover** | gerund | the Eagle *not said here* |  |  |  |  | near *property* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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