---
title: luxury — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «luxury» in the school dictionary: Luxury is great comfort and expensive, beautiful things. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# luxury

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Luxury, you, hotel, hot bath, Food, games console · **What happens:** be, not need, live, stay, bear, nurture · **To what, where:** great comfort, something, expensive chocolate, little luxury, need, luxury

<!-- .vabout -->
«luxury» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [luxury in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/luxury.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Luxury is great comfort and expensive, beautiful things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:m1:1
# text = Luxury is great comfort and expensive, beautiful things.
1	Luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	comfort	comfort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	expensive	expensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Luxury | great comfort and expensive beautiful things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A luxury is something nice that you do not really need, like expensive chocolate or a holiday.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:m2:1
# text = A luxury is something nice that you do not really need, like expensive chocolate or a holiday.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
5	nice	nice	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	really	really	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	expensive	expensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a luxury | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **need** | present · do-support | you | expensive chocolate or a holiday |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot chocolate=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As an adjective: expensive and comfortable, as in «a luxury car».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:m3:1
# text = As an adjective: expensive and comfortable, as in «a luxury car».
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	expensive	expensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	comfortable	comfortable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	luxury	luxury	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hotel was full of luxury.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:x1:1
# text = The hotel was full of luxury.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hotel	hotel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the hotel |  |  |  |  | of luxury; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hot bath is my little luxury.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:x2:1
# text = A hot bath is my little luxury.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bath	bath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a hot bath | my little luxury |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food is a need, but a games console is a luxury.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:x3:1
# text = Food is a need, but a games console is a luxury.
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	need	need	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	compound	_	_
9	console	console	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Food | a need but a luxury |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a games console | a luxury |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film star lived in luxury.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:x4:1
# text = The film star lived in luxury.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | the film star |  |  | luxury |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in luxury=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They stayed in a luxury cabin by the lake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:x5:1
# text = They stayed in a luxury cabin by the lake.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	luxury	luxury	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cabin	cabin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | They |  |  | a luxury cabin |  | by the lake | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cabin=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Holidays abroad are a luxury for many families.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:x6:1
# text = Holidays abroad are a luxury for many families.
1	Holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Holidays | a luxury |  |  |  | for many families | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were a rich, noble family, born in affluence and nurtured in luxury.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:luxury:x7:1
# text = They were a rich, noble family, born in affluence and nurtured in luxury.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	noble	noble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	affluence	affluence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	nurtured	nurture	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	luxury	luxury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | They | a rich noble family |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bear** | participle |  | a rich noble family *not said here* |  | affluence |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **nurture** | participle |  |  |  | luxury |  |  | vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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