---
title: mahabharata — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mahabharata» in the school dictionary: The Mahabharata is a very long ancient poem from India, written in Sanskrit, telling the story of a great war between two families of cousins, the Pandavas and the Kauravas. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mahabharata

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mahabharata, It, we, grandmother, Bhagavad Gita, Hindus · **What happens:** be, write, tell, contain, read, believe · **To what, where:** long ancient poem, India, Sanskrit, story, one, many stories · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«mahabharata» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mahabharata in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mahabharata.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mahabharata is a very long ancient poem from India, written in Sanskrit, telling the story of a great war between two families of cousins, the Pandavas and the Kauravas.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mahabharata:m1:1
# text = The Mahabharata is a very long ancient poem from India, written in Sanskrit, telling the story of a great war between two families of cousins, the Pandavas and the Kauravas.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Mahabharata	Mahabharata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Sanskrit	Sanskrit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	appos	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
23	between	between	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	cousins	cousin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	Pandavas	Pandavas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	Kauravas	Kauravas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Mahabharata | a long ancient poem |  | India |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **write** | participle |  | a long ancient poem *not said here* |  | Sanskrit |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | the story of a great war between two families of cousins  the Pandavas and the Kauravas |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is one of the holy books of Hinduism and contains many stories and teachings, including the Bhagavad Gita.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mahabharata:m2:1
# text = It is one of the holy books of Hinduism and contains many stories and teachings, including the Bhagavad Gita.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Hinduism	Hinduism	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	contains	contain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	teachings	teaching	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	including	including	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	Bhagavad	Bhagavad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	Gita	Gita	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | one |  |  |  | of the holy books of Hinduism | tree rules |
| 2 | **contain** | present |  | many stories and teachings |  |  |  | including the Bhagavad Gita | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot story=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In RE we read a story from the Mahabharata about five brothers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mahabharata:x1:1
# text = In RE we read a story from the Mahabharata about five brothers.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	RE	RE	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Mahabharata	Mahabharata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	about	about	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | we | a story |  | RE |  | from the Mahabharata; five brothers *obl* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent story=Topic from mahabharata=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mahabharata is one of the longest poems in the world.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mahabharata:x2:1
# text = The Mahabharata is one of the longest poems in the world.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Mahabharata	Mahabharata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	longest	long	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	poems	poem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Mahabharata | one |  |  |  | of the longest poems in the world | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Priya's grandmother tells her stories from the Mahabharata at bedtime.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mahabharata:x3:1
# text = Priya's grandmother tells her stories from the Mahabharata at bedtime.
1	Priya	Priya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Mahabharata	Mahabharata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	bedtime	bedtime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Priya's grandmother | grandmother's stories |  | the Mahabharata |  | at bedtime | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Bhagavad Gita is a part of the Mahabharata.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mahabharata:x4:1
# text = The Bhagavad Gita is a part of the Mahabharata.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Bhagavad	Bhagavad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Gita	Gita	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Mahabharata	Mahabharata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Bhagavad Gita | a part |  |  |  | of the Mahabharata | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mahabharata tells of a great battle between cousins.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mahabharata:x5:1
# text = The Mahabharata tells of a great battle between cousins.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Mahabharata	Mahabharata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	between	between	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	cousins	cousin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | the Mahabharata |  |  |  |  | of a great battle between cousins | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hindus believe the Mahabharata teaches about duty and doing what is right.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mahabharata:x6:1
# text = Hindus believe the Mahabharata teaches about duty and doing what is right.
1	Hindus	Hindu	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Mahabharata	Mahabharata	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	teaches	teach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	duty	duty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
10	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present | Hindus |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | the Mahabharata |  |  |  |  | about duty | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent about duty=Topic |
| 3 | **do** | gerund | the Mahabharata *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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