---
title: maintained — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «maintained» in the school dictionary: Kept in good condition by checking and repairing it: a well-maintained car. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/maintained/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [M](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/) / maintained

# maintained

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, She, He, council, runner, car · **What happens:** keep, check, repair, maintain, say, be · **To what, where:** good condition, maintained car, condition, same level, speed, park · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«maintained» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [maintained in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/maintained.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kept in good condition by checking and repairing it: a well-maintained car.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:m1:1
# text = Kept in good condition by checking and repairing it: a well-maintained car.
1	Kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	condition	condition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	checking	check	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	repairing	repair	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
12	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | participle |  |  |  | good condition |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in condition=Location |
| 2 | **check** | gerund |  | a maintained car |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Theme |
| 3 | **repair** | gerund |  | condition |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 4 | **maintain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kept at the same level or speed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:m2:1
# text = Kept at the same level or speed.
1	Kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | participle |  |  |  | the same level or speed |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent at level=Location |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She maintained a speed of 10 km an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:m2e:1
# text = She maintained a speed of 10 km an hour.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | past | She | a speed of 10 km  a hour |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent speed=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kept saying that something is true.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:m3:1
# text = Kept saying that something is true.
1	Kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | something |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He maintained that he was innocent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:m3e:1
# text = He maintained that he was innocent.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | he |  |  |  |  | innocent *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Paid for and looked after.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:m4:1
# text = Paid for and looked after.
1	Paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	after	after	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay for** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **look** | past |  |  |  |  |  | after *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The park is maintained by the council.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:m4e:1
# text = The park is maintained by the council.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | present · passive | the council | the park |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The runner maintained a steady pace all the way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:x1:1
# text = The runner maintained a steady pace all the way.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	runner	runner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	steady	steady	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	pace	pace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	9	det:predet	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | past | the runner | a steady pace |  |  |  | all way *obl:unmarked* | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent pace=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car maintained 60 miles an hour for 2 hours, so it went 120 miles.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:x2:1
# text = The car maintained 60 miles an hour for 2 hours, so it went 120 miles.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	120	120	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | past | the car | 60 miles  a hour |  |  | hour |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent mile=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | car | 120 miles |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mile=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their garden is beautifully maintained.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:x3:1
# text = Their garden is beautifully maintained.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	beautifully	beautifully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | present · passive |  | Their garden |  |  |  | beautifully *property* | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bridge is maintained by the city council.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:x4:1
# text = The bridge is maintained by the city council.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | present · passive | the city council | the bridge |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He maintained that he had not taken the cake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:x5:1
# text = He maintained that he had not taken the cake.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	ccomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **take** | past · perfect | he | the cake |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The temperature was maintained at 20 degrees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:x6:1
# text = The temperature was maintained at 20 degrees.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | past · passive |  | the temperature |  | 20 degrees |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A well-maintained bike is safer to ride.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:x7:1
# text = A well-maintained bike is safer to ride.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	safer	safe	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	ride	ride	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | a maintained bike |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **ride** | to-infinitive | a maintained bike *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The owner maintained that he had let the Ass only, and not his Shadow.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:maintained:x8:1
# text = The owner maintained that he had let the Ass only, and not his Shadow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	maintained	maintain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	let	let	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Ass	ass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	Shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | past | the owner |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **let** | past · perfect · passive |  | owner |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient ass=Theme |
| 3 | **shadow** |  | owner |  |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [maintain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/maintain/)
- next →: [maintenance](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/maintenance/)
- ↑ back to [M in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/)