---
title: make — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «make» in the school dictionary: To make is to build, cook or create something: make a cake. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# make

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** someone, 3, choice, you, UK, cheeky refusal · **What happens:** make, be, cook, create, happen, do · **To what, where:** something, cake, someone, maths, 7, bed · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«make» in the school dictionary: its 9 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [make in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/make.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make is to build, cook or create something: make a cake.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m1:1
# text = To make is to build, cook or create something: make a cake.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	cook	cook	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	create	create	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | build *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cook** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **create** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Result |
| 5 | **make** | infinitive |  | a cake |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cake=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make is to cause something to happen or be.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m2:1
# text = To make is to cause something to happen or be.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | cause *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **happen** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **be** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The joke made me laugh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m2e:1
# text = The joke made me laugh.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	laugh	laugh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the joke | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **laugh** | infinitive | me *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make someone do something is to force them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m3:1
# text = To make someone do something is to force them.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	force	force	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | infinitive | someone *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | force *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In maths, to make is to come to a total: 3 and 4 make 7.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m4:1
# text = In maths, to make is to come to a total: 3 and 4 make 7.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	total	total	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nsubj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	conj	_	_
16	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
17	7	7	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | maths |  | to a total; come *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | present | 3 | 7 |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 7=Product |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make a bed, a mistake, a friend, a choice is to do it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m5:1
# text = To make a bed, a mistake, a friend, a choice is to do it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	choice	choice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a bed |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset bed=Beneficiary mistake=Product |
| 2 | **is** | present | a choice |  |  |  |  | do *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make can mean to earn or to reach: make money, make it on time.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m6:1
# text = To make can mean to earn or to reach: make money, make it on time.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	earn	earn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **earn** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **reach** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **make** | infinitive |  | money |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset money=Product |
| 6 | **make** | infinitive |  | money |  |  | time |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Make do» means manage with what you have; «make up» means invent or become friends again; «made up» (UK north, Ireland) means very pleased; «make out» means understand, or (teen slang) kiss.

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m7:1
# text = «Make do» means manage with what you have; «make up» means invent or become friends again; «made up» (UK north, Ireland) means very pleased; «make out» means understand, or (teen slang) kiss.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	do	do	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	manage	manage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	obl	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	csubj	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
16	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
17	invent	invent	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	ccomp	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	become	become	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
20	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	xcomp	_	_
21	again	again	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	parataxis	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
27	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
29	north	north	ADV	RB	_	31	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
31	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	28	punct	_	_
33	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	parataxis	_	_
34	very	very	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	pleased	pleased	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
37	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	csubj	_	_
39	out	out	ADP	RP	_	38	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	38	punct	_	_
41	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
42	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
44	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
45	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	47	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	teen	teen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	compound	_	_
47	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	47	punct	_	_
49	kiss	kiss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | do |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset do=Product |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **manage** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cope-83-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with what=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **make up** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **invent** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **become** | present |  | friends |  |  | again |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 9 | **make up** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 10 | **mean** | present | UK and north Ireland |  |  |  |  | pleased *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 11 | **make out** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |
| 12 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 13 | **understand** | infinitive |  | slang kiss |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rough — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Make me!» is a cheeky refusal; «you make me sick» is an angry put-down.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m8:1
# text = «Make me!» is a cheeky refusal; «you make me sick» is an angry put-down.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	csubj	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	cheeky	cheeky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
14	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	put	put	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	down	down	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | me |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset i=Product |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | a cheeky refusal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** *in a quote* | present | you | me |  |  |  | sick *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Product |
| 4 | **is a** | present | a cheeky refusal | a angry put |  |  |  | down *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 9 {#m9}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The exam voice says «construct», «produce», «manufacture», «compose», «constitute», «render», «yield» (give as a result).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:m9:1
# text = The exam voice says «construct», «produce», «manufacture», «compose», «constitute», «render», «yield» (give as a result).
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	construct	construct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	produce	produce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	manufacture	manufacture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	compose	compose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	constitute	constitute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	render	render	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	yield	yield	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
32	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	parataxis	_	_
34	as	as	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the exam voice | construct and manufacture |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **compose** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **constitute** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | render |  |  |  | yield *obl* | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | as a result | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giving can make you have more or less …

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x1:1
# text = Giving can make you have more or less …
1	Giving	give	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	conj	_	_
9	…	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | can | Giving | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum makes 3 cakes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x2:1
# text = Mum makes 3 cakes.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Mum | 3 cakes |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kim makes 4 rows of 5 beads.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x3:1
# text = Kim makes 4 rows of 5 beads.
1	Kim	Kim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	beads	bead	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Kim | 4 rows of 5 beads |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent row=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
6 and 4 make 10.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x4:1
# text = 6 and 4 make 10.
1	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	conj	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | 6 | 10 |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 10=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let's make a paper plane.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x5:1
# text = Let's make a paper plane.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | 's |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | infinitive | 's *not said here* | a paper plane |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plane=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please make your bed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x6:1
# text = Please make your bed.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | imperative | you *not said here* | your bed |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bed=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The loud bang made the baby cry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x7:1
# text = The loud bang made the baby cry.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bang	bang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the loud bang | the baby cry |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cry=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's fine to make mistakes when you learn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x8:1
# text = It's fine to make mistakes when you learn.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
6	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | mistakes |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset mistake=Product |
| 3 | **learn** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I made a new friend today.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x9:1
# text = I made a new friend today.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | I | a new friend |  |  | today |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Product |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
no eggs left so we'll make do with 2

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x10:1
# text = no eggs left so we'll make do with 2
1	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | participle |  | no eggs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | future | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **do** | present | no eggs |  |  |  |  | with 2 | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Sit down.» «Make me!»

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Sit down.»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x11:1
# text = «Sit down.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sit	sit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit down** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «Make me!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x11:2
# text = «Make me!»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset i=Product |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kim constructs 4 rows, each comprising 5 beads; determine the aggregate number of beads thus produced.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x12:1
# text = Kim constructs 4 rows, each comprising 5 beads; determine the aggregate number of beads thus produced.
1	Kim	Kim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	constructs	construct	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
7	comprising	comprise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
8	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	beads	bead	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	determine	determine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	aggregate	aggregate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	beads	bead	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
17	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	produced	produce	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **construct** | present | Kim | 4 rows and each comprising 5 beads |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent row=Result |
| 2 | **comprise** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **determine** | infinitive | Kim *not said here* | the aggregate number |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Topic |
| 4 | **produce** | past | the aggregate number *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of beads; thus *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oh, that made him so angry!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:make:x13:1
# text = Oh, that made him so angry!
1	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | that | him *= he* |  |  |  | angry *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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<!-- pn -->
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