---
title: malinois — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «malinois» in the school dictionary: A breed of Belgian Shepherd dog with short fawn fur and a dark face, very clever and full of energy. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# malinois

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** police dog, Malinois, Army · **What happens:** train, be, need, find, lose, look · **To what, where:** It, Belgian Malinois, lot, lost hiker, woods, bit

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«malinois» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [malinois in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/malinois.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A breed of Belgian Shepherd dog with short fawn fur and a dark face, very clever and full of energy.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:malinois:m1:1
# text = A breed of Belgian Shepherd dog with short fawn fur and a dark face, very clever and full of energy.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breed	breed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	Belgian	Belgian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	Shepherd	Shepherd	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	fawn	fawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	very	very	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is often trained as a police, army or search-and-rescue dog.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:malinois:m2:1
# text = It is often trained as a police, army or search-and-rescue dog.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	trained	train	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	police	police	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	search	search	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	rescue	rescue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **train** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  | as a police and army or search and rescue dog; often *property* | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme as police=Attribute |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The police dog was a Belgian Malinois.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:malinois:x1:1
# text = The police dog was a Belgian Malinois.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	compound	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Belgian	Belgian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Malinois	malinois	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the police dog | a Belgian Malinois |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Malinois needs a lot of exercise every day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:malinois:x2:1
# text = A Malinois needs a lot of exercise every day.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Malinois	malinois	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | a Malinois | a lot of exercise |  |  | day |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Malinois found the lost hiker in the woods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:malinois:x3:1
# text = The Malinois found the lost hiker in the woods.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Malinois	malinois	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	hiker	hiker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | the Malinois | the lost hiker |  | the woods |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hiker=Topic |
| 2 | **lose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Malinois look a bit like small German Shepherds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:malinois:x4:1
# text = Malinois look a bit like small German Shepherds.
1	Malinois	malinois	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	German	German	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Shepherds	shepherd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | infinitive | Malinois | a bit |  |  |  | like small German Shepherds | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bit=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Army Malinois are trained to parachute with soldiers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:malinois:x5:1
# text = Army Malinois are trained to parachute with soldiers.
1	Army	Army	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	Malinois	Malinois	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	trained	train	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	parachute	parachute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **train** | present · passive |  | Army |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **parachute** | to-infinitive | Army *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with soldiers | vn vehicle-51.4.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our neighbour's Malinois can jump very high.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:malinois:x6:1
# text = Our neighbour's Malinois can jump very high.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	Malinois	malinois	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	jump	jump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | can | Our neighbour's Malinois |  |  |  |  | high *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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