---
title: manchu — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «manchu» in the school dictionary: The Manchu are a people from Manchuria in north-east China. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# manchu

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Manchu, last emperor, script, few people, Manchu soldiers · **What happens:** be, rule, write, run, speak, ride · **To what, where:** people, Manchuria, language, China, 1644, Manchu · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«manchu» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [manchu in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/manchu.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Manchu are a people from Manchuria in north-east China.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manchu:m1:1
# text = The Manchu are a people from Manchuria in north-east China.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Manchuria	Manchuria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	east	east	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Manchu | a people |  | Manchuria |  | in east China | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Manchu is also their language.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manchu:m2:1
# text = Manchu is also their language.
1	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Manchu | their language |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Manchu ruled China as the Qing dynasty from 1644 to 1912.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manchu:m3:1
# text = The Manchu ruled China as the Qing dynasty from 1644 to 1912.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Qing	Qing	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	dynasty	dynasty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	1644	1644	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	1912	1912	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past | the Manchu | China |  | 1644 to 1912 |  | as the Qing dynasty | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent china=Result |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Manchu ruled China for almost 300 years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manchu:x1:1
# text = The Manchu ruled China for almost 300 years.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ruled	rule	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	300	300	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | past | the Manchu | China |  |  | year |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent china=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The last emperor of China was Manchu.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manchu:x2:1
# text = The last emperor of China was Manchu.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	emperor	emperor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the last emperor of China | Manchu |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Manchu is written in a script that runs from top to bottom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manchu:x3:1
# text = Manchu is written in a script that runs from top to bottom.
1	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	script	script	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | present · passive |  | Manchu |  | a script |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in script=Destination |
| 2 | **run** | present | a script |  |  | top to bottom |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from top=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very few people speak Manchu today.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manchu:x4:1
# text = Very few people speak Manchu today.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | few people | Manchu |  |  | today |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Manchu soldiers rode horses and shot arrows.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manchu:x5:1
# text = Manchu soldiers rode horses and shot arrows.
1	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	shot	shot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | Manchu soldiers | horses and shot arrows |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Qing dynasty was founded by the Manchu.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manchu:x6:1
# text = The Qing dynasty was founded by the Manchu.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Qing	Qing	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	dynasty	dynasty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	founded	found	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Manchu	Manchu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **found** | past · passive | the Manchu | the Qing dynasty |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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