---
title: manifesto — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «manifesto» in the school dictionary: A manifesto is a written public statement in which a political party or group says what it believes and what it promises to do if elected. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# manifesto

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** manifesto, political party, party, council manifesto, artists, We · **What happens:** write, be, say, believe, promise, do · **To what, where:** written public statement, bold statement, manifesto, new bike shed, manifesto promise, taxes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«manifesto» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [manifesto in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/manifesto.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A manifesto is a written public statement in which a political party or group says what it believes and what it promises to do if elected.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manifesto:m1:1
# text = A manifesto is a written public statement in which a political party or group says what it believes and what it promises to do if elected.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	manifesto	manifesto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
6	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
16	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	18	obj	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	believes	believe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	22	obj	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	promises	promise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
26	elected	elect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a manifesto | a written public statement |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a political party or group |  |  | a written public statement |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **believe** | present | manifesto |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus |
| 5 | **promise** *speech: promise* | present | manifesto |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent what=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 6 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | manifesto *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **elect** *a condition, not said to happen* | participle | manifesto *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A manifesto can be any bold statement of ideas and aims by an artist, group or person.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manifesto:m2:1
# text = A manifesto can be any bold statement of ideas and aims by an artist, group or person.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	manifesto	manifesto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
6	bold	bold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	statement	statement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	aims	aim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	artist	artist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a manifesto | any bold statement |  |  |  | of ideas | tree rules |
| 2 | **aim** | present | a manifesto *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by a artist and group or person | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each party published its manifesto before the election.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manifesto:x1:1
# text = Each party published its manifesto before the election.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	published	publish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	manifesto	manifesto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **publish** | participle | each party *not said here* | party's manifesto |  |  | before the election |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manifesto=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My school council manifesto promised a new bike shed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manifesto:x2:1
# text = My school council manifesto promised a new bike shed.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	manifesto	manifesto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	promised	promise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	shed	shed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past | My council manifesto | a new bike shed |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent shed=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The party broke its manifesto promise on taxes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manifesto:x3:1
# text = The party broke its manifesto promise on taxes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	manifesto	manifesto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	taxes	tax	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | past | the party | party's manifesto promise |  | taxes |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer promise=Patient |
| 2 | **promise** |  | party |  |  |  |  |  | nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The artists wrote a manifesto about their new style.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manifesto:x4:1
# text = The artists wrote a manifesto about their new style.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	artists	artist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	manifesto	manifesto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	style	style	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | the artists | a manifesto |  |  |  | about artists's new style | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent manifesto=Recipient about style=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We compared two manifestos in our politics lesson.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manifesto:x5:1
# text = We compared two manifestos in our politics lesson.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	compared	compare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	manifestos	manifesto	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	politics	politics	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	8	compound	_	_
8	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compare** | past | We | two manifestos |  | our politics lesson |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manifesto=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Read the manifesto before you decide how to vote.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manifesto:x6:1
# text = Read the manifesto before you decide how to vote.
1	Read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	manifesto	manifesto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	decide	decide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	vote	vote	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | imperative | you *not said here* | the manifesto |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manifesto=Topic |
| 2 | **decide** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **vote** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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