---
title: manners — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «manners» in the school dictionary: Manners are the polite ways of behaving with other people, like saying please and thank you. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# manners

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Manners, polite ways, Table manners, manner, they, It · **What happens:** be, behave, say, thank, eat, speak · **To what, where:** polite ways, you, table, way, good manners, manners · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«manners» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [manners in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/manners.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Manners are the polite ways of behaving with other people, like saying please and thank you.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:m1:1
# text = Manners are the polite ways of behaving with other people, like saying please and thank you.
1	Manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	polite	polite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	behaving	behave	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	saying	say	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	conj	_	_
14	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	13	discourse	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	thank	thank	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Manners | the polite ways |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **behave** | gerund | the polite ways *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with other people | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the polite ways *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **thank** *speech: thank* | present | the polite ways *not said here* |  | you |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Table manners are the polite ways to eat at a table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:m2:1
# text = Table manners are the polite ways to eat at a table.
1	Table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	polite	polite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Table manners | the polite ways |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a table |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person's manner is the way they behave or speak, like a friendly manner.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:m3:1
# text = A person's manner is the way they behave or speak, like a friendly manner.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	behave	behave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	speak	speak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a person's manner | the way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **behave** | present | they | the way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a friendly manner | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"In a manner" means in a way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:m4:1
# text = "In a manner" means in a way.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | a manner |  |  |  |  | in a way | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's good manners to say thank you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:x1:1
# text = It's good manners to say thank you.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	thank	thank	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | good manners |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **thank** *speech: thank* | infinitive |  |  | you |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mind your manners at Grandma's house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:x2:1
# text = Mind your manners at Grandma's house.
1	Mind	mind	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	1	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	Grandma	Grandma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mind** | imperative | you *not said here* | your manners |  | Grandma's house |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manners=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's bad manners to talk with your mouth full.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:x3:1
# text = It's bad manners to talk with your mouth full.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | bad manners |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **talk** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with your mouth | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with mouth=Co-Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class practised table manners.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:x4:1
# text = Our class practised table manners.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	practised	practise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **practise** | past | Our class | table manners |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She spoke in a calm, friendly manner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:x5:1
# text = She spoke in a calm, friendly manner.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | She |  |  | a calm friendly manner |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Where are your manners? Say please!

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Where are your manners?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:x6:1
# text = Where are your manners?
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | your manners |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Say please!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:x6:2
# text = Say please!
1	Say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	1	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Good manners cost nothing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:x7:1
# text = Good manners cost nothing.
1	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cost	cost	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | Good manners | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme nothing=Value |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's his bad manners I can't stand."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manners:x8:1
# text = It's his bad manners I can't stand."
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	manners	manners	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	0	root	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | his bad manners |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **stand** | can | I | his bad manners *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer manners=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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