---
title: manufacture — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «manufacture» in the school dictionary: To manufacture means to make goods in large numbers, usually in a factory with machines. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# manufacture

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Manufacture, machine, He, excuse, Emperor · **What happens:** manufacture, mean, make, be, invent, use · **To what, where:** goods, large numbers, making, excuse, story, cars · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«manufacture» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [manufacture in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/manufacture.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To manufacture means to make goods in large numbers, usually in a factory with machines.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:m1:1
# text = To manufacture means to make goods in large numbers, usually in a factory with machines.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	manufacture	manufacture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manufacture** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | goods |  | large numbers |  | in a factory with machines | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset goods=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Manufacture is the making of goods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:m2:1
# text = Manufacture is the making of goods.
1	Manufacture	manufacture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	making	making	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Manufacture | the making |  |  |  | of goods | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"the manufacture of cars".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:m2e:1
# text = "the manufacture of cars".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	manufacture	manufacture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manufacture** *in a quote* |  |  | cars |  |  |  |  | nom manufacture «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To manufacture an excuse or a story means to invent it, especially a false one.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:m3:1
# text = To manufacture an excuse or a story means to invent it, especially a false one.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	manufacture	manufacture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	csubj	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	excuse	excuse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	invent	invent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manufacture** | to-infinitive |  | a excuse or a story |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent excuse=Result |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **invent** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | story |  |  |  | a false one *obl* | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The factory manufactures 500 bikes a week.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:x1:1
# text = The factory manufactures 500 bikes a week.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	manufactures	manufacture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	500	500	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	bikes	bike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If a machine manufactures 40 toys an hour, it makes 320 toys in 8 hours.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:x2:1
# text = If a machine manufactures 40 toys an hour, it makes 320 toys in 8 hours.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	manufactures	manufacture	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
5	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	toys	toy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	320	320	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	toys	toy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manufacture** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a machine | 40 toys |  |  | hour |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toy=Result |
| 2 | **make** | present | machine | 320 toys |  |  | hour |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material toy=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cars are manufactured in many countries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:x3:1
# text = Cars are manufactured in many countries.
1	Cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	manufactured	manufacture	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manufacture** | present · passive |  | Cars |  | many countries |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The manufacture of paper uses lots of water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:x4:1
# text = The manufacture of paper uses lots of water.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	manufacture	manufacture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | the manufacture of paper | lots of water |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |
| 2 | **manufacture** |  |  | paper |  |  |  |  | nom manufacture «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He manufactured an excuse for being late.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:x5:1
# text = He manufactured an excuse for being late.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	manufactured	manufacture	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	excuse	excuse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
7	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manufacture** | past | He | a excuse |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent excuse=Result |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | a excuse *not said here* |  |  |  |  | late *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This phone was manufactured in Korea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:x6:1
# text = This phone was manufactured in Korea.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	manufactured	manufacture	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Korea	Korea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manufacture** | past · passive |  | this phone |  | Korea |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Manufacturing jobs are found in big towns.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:x7:1
# text = Manufacturing jobs are found in big towns.
1	Manufacturing	manufacture	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manufacture** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **find** | present · passive |  | Manufacturing jobs |  | big towns |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And now the Emperor himself wished to see the costly manufacture, while it was still in the loom.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:manufacture:x8:1
# text = And now the Emperor himself wished to see the costly manufacture, while it was still in the loom.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Emperor	Emperor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	4	nmod	_	_
6	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	costly	costly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	manufacture	manufacture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
13	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
16	still	still	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	loom	loom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | past | the Emperor  Emperor |  |  |  | now |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **see** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Emperor  Emperor *not said here* | the costly manufacture |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer manufacture=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | past | manufacture |  |  | the loom | still |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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