---
title: marcel — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «marcel» in the school dictionary: Marcel is a man's first name, especially in France, as in the French mime artist Marcel Marceau. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/marcel/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [M](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/) / marcel

# marcel

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Marcel, marcel wave, many women, Great photo, hairdresser · **What happens:** be, marcel, make, have, show, use · **To what, where:** first name, hairstyle, deep regular waves, such waves, hair, name

<!-- .vabout -->
«marcel» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [marcel in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/marcel.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Marcel is a man's first name, especially in France, as in the French mime artist Marcel Marceau.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marcel:m1:1
# text = Marcel is a man's first name, especially in France, as in the French mime artist Marcel Marceau.
1	Marcel	Marcel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	mime	mime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	artist	artist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
19	Marcel	Marcel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	_
20	Marceau	Marceau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Marcel | a man's first name and France and the French mime artist |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A marcel or marcel wave is a hairstyle with deep, regular waves made with hot curling irons, popular in the 1920s.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marcel:m2:1
# text = A marcel or marcel wave is a hairstyle with deep, regular waves made with hot curling irons, popular in the 1920s.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	marcel	marcel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	compound	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	marcel	marcel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
5	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hairstyle	hairstyle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	regular	regular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
14	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	curling	curling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	irons	iron	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	1920s	1920s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **marcel** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **marcel** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | a marcel wave | a hairstyle |  |  |  | with deep regular waves | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | participle |  | deep regular waves *not said here* |  |  |  | with hot curling irons | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb, old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make such waves in hair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marcel:m3:1
# text = To make such waves in hair.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | such waves |  | hair |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wave=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Marcel is a popular French boy's name.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marcel:x1:1
# text = Marcel is a popular French boy's name.
1	Marcel	Marcel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	popular	popular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Marcel | a popular French boy's name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Marcel Marceau was a famous French mime artist.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marcel:x2:1
# text = Marcel Marceau was a famous French mime artist.
1	Marcel	Marcel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	Marceau	Marceau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	mime	mime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	artist	artist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Marcel | a famous French mime artist |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the 1920s, many women had a marcel wave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marcel:x3:1
# text = In the 1920s, many women had a marcel wave.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	1920s	1920s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	marcel	marcel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | many women | a marcel wave |  | the 1920s |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wave=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Great-Granny's photo shows her hair marcelled in neat waves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marcel:x4:1
# text = Great-Granny's photo shows her hair marcelled in neat waves.
1	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Granny	Granny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	marcelled	marcel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	neat	neat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | Granny's Great photo | photo's hair |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent hair=Recipient |
| 2 | **marcel** | participle |  | photo's hair *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hairdresser used hot irons to make a marcel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marcel:x5:1
# text = The hairdresser used hot irons to make a marcel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hairdresser	hairdresser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	irons	iron	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	marcel	marcel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the hairdresser | hot irons |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iron=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | the hairdresser *not said here* | a marcel |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset marcel=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In our French book, Marcel lives in Paris with his dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marcel:x6:1
# text = In our French book, Marcel lives in Paris with his dog.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Marcel	Marcel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Marcel |  |  | our French book |  | in Paris; with Marcel's dog | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in book=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [marble](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/marble/)
- next →: [march](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/march/)
- ↑ back to [M in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/)