---
title: mari — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mari» in the school dictionary: The Mari are a Finno-Ugric people who live mainly in the Mari El Republic in Russia, by the Volga river. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mari

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mari, Ugric people, girl, Mari people, Archaeologists, Clay tablets · **What happens:** be, live, name, have, find, tell · **To what, where:** Ugric people, Mari El Republic, language, ancient city, Syria, several countries · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«mari» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mari in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mari.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a people — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mari are a Finno-Ugric people who live mainly in the Mari El Republic in Russia, by the Volga river.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:m1:1
# text = The Mari are a Finno-Ugric people who live mainly in the Mari El Republic in Russia, by the Volga river.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	Finno	Finno	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Ugric	Ugric	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	mainly	mainly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
15	El	El	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Republic	Republic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	Volga	Volga	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Mari | a Ugric people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | a Ugric people |  |  | the Mari El Republic in Russia |  | by the Volga river; mainly *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in republic=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a language — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mari is the language of that people, related to Finnish and Hungarian.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:m2:1
# text = Mari is the language of that people, related to Finnish and Hungarian.
1	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	related	related	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Finnish	Finnish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	Hungarian	Hungarian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mari | the language |  |  |  | of that people | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mari was an ancient city in what is now Syria, famous for clay tablets with old writing.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:m3:1
# text = Mari was an ancient city in what is now Syria, famous for clay tablets with old writing.
1	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nmod	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
10	Syria	Syria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	tablets	tablet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Mari | a ancient city |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | Syria |  |  | now |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | Mari *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for clay tablets with old writing | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A girl's name in several countries, such as Estonia, Finland and Japan.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:m4:1
# text = A girl's name in several countries, such as Estonia, Finland and Japan.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	Estonia	Estonia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	Finland	Finland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** |  | a girl |  |  | several countries such Estonia and Japan |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent in=place |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mari people have their own language and traditions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:x1:1
# text = The Mari people have their own language and traditions.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	traditions	tradition	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the Mari people | people's own language and traditions |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mari is related to Finnish.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:x2:1
# text = Mari is related to Finnish.
1	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	related	related	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Finnish	Finnish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Mari |  | Finnish |  |  | related *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Archaeologists found a royal palace at ancient Mari.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:x3:1
# text = Archaeologists found a royal palace at ancient Mari.
1	Archaeologists	archaeologist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | Archaeologists | a royal palace |  | ancient Mari |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent palace=Theme at mari=Asset |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Clay tablets from Mari tell us about life 4,000 years ago.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:x4:1
# text = Clay tablets from Mari tell us about life 4,000 years ago.
1	Clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	tablets	tablet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	tell	tell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	4,000	4,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Clay tablets from Mari |  | us |  |  | about life; ago *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent we=Recipient about life=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend Mari comes from Estonia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:x5:1
# text = My friend Mari comes from Estonia.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Estonia	Estonia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | My friend |  |  | Estonia |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from estonia=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mari El Republic is in Russia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:x6:1
# text = The Mari El Republic is in Russia.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
3	El	El	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Republic	Republic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Mari El Republic |  |  | Russia |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mari is a short name, often used in Finland and Japan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:x7:1
# text = Mari is a short name, often used in Finland and Japan.
1	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	often	often	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Finland	Finland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mari | a short name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a short name *not said here* |  | Finland and Japan |  | often *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ruins of Mari are near the border of Syria and Iraq.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mari:x8:1
# text = The ruins of Mari are near the border of Syria and Iraq.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ruins	ruin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Mari	Mari	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	near	near	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Syria	Syria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Iraq	Iraq	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the ruins of Mari |  |  | the border |  | of Syria and Iraq | tree rules |
| 2 | **ruin** |  |  | Mari |  |  |  |  | nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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