---
title: marsh — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «marsh» in the school dictionary: A marsh is low, flat land that is wet and soft most of the time, often with tall grasses and reeds. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# marsh

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** marsh, that, Herons, salt marsh, We, Reeds · **What happens:** be, hunt, flood, walk, grow, not stray off · **To what, where:** low flat land, marsh, high tide, path, coast

<!-- .vabout -->
«marsh» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [marsh in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/marsh.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A marsh is low, flat land that is wet and soft most of the time, often with tall grasses and reeds.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marsh:m1:1
# text = A marsh is low, flat land that is wet and soft most of the time, often with tall grasses and reeds.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	marsh	marsh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	often	often	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	grasses	grass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	parataxis	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	reeds	reed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a marsh | low flat land |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | most of the time *obl*; wet *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | that *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kind of wetland home to birds, frogs and insects.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marsh:m2:1
# text = A kind of wetland home to birds, frogs and insects.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	wetland	wetland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	home	home	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Herons hunt for frogs in the marsh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marsh:x1:1
# text = Herons hunt for frogs in the marsh.
1	Herons	heron	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hunt	hunt	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	marsh	marsh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunt** | present | Herons |  |  | the marsh |  | for frogs | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for frog=Theme in marsh=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The salt marsh floods at high tide.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marsh:x2:1
# text = The salt marsh floods at high tide.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	marsh	marsh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	floods	flood	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	tide	tide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flood** | present | the salt marsh |  |  | high tide |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We walked along the boardwalk across the marsh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marsh:x3:1
# text = We walked along the boardwalk across the marsh.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	along	along	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	boardwalk	boardwalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	across	across	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	marsh	marsh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | We |  |  | the marsh |  | along the boardwalk | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along boardwalk=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reeds grow tall in the marsh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marsh:x4:1
# text = Reeds grow tall in the marsh.
1	Reeds	reed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	marsh	marsh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Reeds |  |  | the marsh |  | tall *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in marsh=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't stray off the path in the marsh — it's boggy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marsh:x5:1
# text = Don't stray off the path in the marsh — it's boggy.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	stray	stray	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	marsh	marsh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	boggy	boggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **stray off** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the path |  | the marsh |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location path=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | path |  |  |  |  | boggy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Marshes help protect the coast from floods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marsh:x6:1
# text = Marshes help protect the coast from floods.
1	Marshes	marsh	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	protect	protect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	floods	flood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Marshes |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **protect** | infinitive | Marshes *not said here* | the coast |  |  |  | from floods | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent coast=Beneficiary from flood=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then some frogs began to croak in the marsh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:marsh:x7:1
# text = Then some frogs began to croak in the marsh.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
3	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	croak	croak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	marsh	marsh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | some frogs |  |  |  | then |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **croak** | to-infinitive | some frogs *not said here* |  |  | the marsh |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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