---
title: martial — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «martial» in the school dictionary: Connected with fighting or war. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# martial

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Martial arts, Martial law, brother, Karate, She, general · **What happens:** connect, fight, be, do, get, teach · **To what, where:** sports, Asia, martial arts, yellow belt, martial arts class, discipline · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«martial» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [martial in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/martial.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Connected with fighting or war.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:m1:1
# text = Connected with fighting or war.
1	Connected	connect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	fighting	fighting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **connect** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with fighting or war | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient with fighting=Co-Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Martial arts» are fighting sports and skills from Asia and other places, such as karate, judo, kung fu and taekwondo.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:m2:1
# text = «Martial arts» are fighting sports and skills from Asia and other places, such as karate, judo, kung fu and taekwondo.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	arts	art	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	fighting	fight	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	skills	skill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	karate	karate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	judo	judo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	kung	kung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	fu	fu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	taekwondo	taekwondo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | present · progressive | Martial arts | sports and skills |  | Asia and other places |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sport=Co-Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Martial law» is when the army takes control of a country instead of the usual government.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:m3:1
# text = «Martial law» is when the army takes control of a country instead of the usual government.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	control	control	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Martial law |  |  |  |  | take *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother does martial arts after school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:x1:1
# text = My brother does martial arts after school.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	arts	art	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | My brother | martial arts |  |  | after school |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent art=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Karate and judo are martial arts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:x2:1
# text = Karate and judo are martial arts.
1	Karate	karate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	judo	judo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	arts	art	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Karate and judo | martial arts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She got her yellow belt in a martial arts class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:x3:1
# text = She got her yellow belt in a martial arts class.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	arts	art	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	compound	_	_
10	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | She | her yellow belt |  | a martial arts class |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer belt=Stimulus |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Martial arts teach discipline and respect.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:x4:1
# text = Martial arts teach discipline and respect.
1	Martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	arts	art	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	teach	teach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	discipline	discipline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | Martial arts | discipline and respect |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent discipline=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The general declared martial law.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:x5:1
# text = The general declared martial law.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	general	general	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	declared	declare	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | the general | martial law |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Martial music played as the soldiers marched.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:x6:1
# text = Martial music played as the soldiers marched.
1	Martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	marched	march	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | participle |  | Martial music *not said here* |  |  |  | as the soldiers | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **march** | past | Martial music |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A KING, whose only son was fond of martial exercises, had a dream in which he was warned that his son would be killed by a lion.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:martial:x7:1
# text = A KING, whose only son was fond of martial exercises, had a dream in which he was warned that his son would be killed by a lion.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	KING	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
4	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	fond	fond	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	acl:relcl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	exercises	exercise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
13	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	obl	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	warned	warn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	killed	kill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	ccomp	_	_
27	by	by	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | son |  |  |  |  | of martial exercises; fond *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | a KING | a dream |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Patient |
| 3 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past · passive |  | KING |  | a dream |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient that S»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **kill** | would · passive | a lion | KING's son |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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