---
title: mass — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mass» in the school dictionary: Mass is the amount of matter in an object, measured in grams and kilograms. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mass

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mass, Masses, you, Australia, Grandma, Factories · **What happens:** be, measure, mean, involve, use, find · **To what, where:** amount, object, grams, large amount, large crowd, lots

<!-- .vabout -->
«mass» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mass in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mass.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mass is the amount of matter in an object, measured in grams and kilograms.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:m1:1
# text = Mass is the amount of matter in an object, measured in grams and kilograms.
1	Mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	measured	measure	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	grams	gram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	kilograms	kilogram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mass | the amount |  | a object |  | of matter | tree rules |
| 2 | **measure** | participle |  | the amount *not said here* |  | grams and kilograms |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A mass is a large amount or lump of something without a clear shape.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:m2:1
# text = A mass is a large amount or lump of something without a clear shape.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	lump	lump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod	_	_
11	without	without	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a mass | a large amount or lump of something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A mass of people or things is a large crowd or number.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:m3:1
# text = A mass of people or things is a large crowd or number.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a mass of people or things | a large crowd or number |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Masses of something (informal) means lots of it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:m4:1
# text = Masses of something (informal) means lots of it.
1	Masses	mass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	nmod	_	_
4	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Masses of something | lots of it |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Topic |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mass is the main service in the Catholic church.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:m5:1
# text = Mass is the main service in the Catholic church.
1	Mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Catholic	catholic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mass | the main service |  | the Catholic church |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mass (adjective) means involving very many people, like mass transport.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:m6:1
# text = Mass (adjective) means involving very many people, like mass transport.
1	Mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	involving	involve	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	mass	mass	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	transport	transport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Mass |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **involve** *not said to happen* | gerund | Mass *not said here* | many people |  |  |  | like mass transport | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mass of the apple is 150 grams.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:x1:1
# text = The mass of the apple is 150 grams.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	150	150	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	grams	gram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the mass of the apple | 150 grams |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use the balance to find the mass of the stone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:x2:1
# text = Use the balance to find the mass of the stone.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	balance	balance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | the balance |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent balance=Patient |
| 2 | **find** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the mass of the stone |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mass=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A mass of clouds covered the sky.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:x3:1
# text = A mass of clouds covered the sky.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past | a mass of clouds | the sky |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sky=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were masses of people at the concert.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:x4:1
# text = There were masses of people at the concert.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	masses	mass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	concert	concert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | masses of people at the concert |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia is a huge land mass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:x5:1
# text = Australia is a huge land mass.
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Australia | a huge land mass |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma goes to Mass on Sunday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:x6:1
# text = Grandma goes to Mass on Sunday.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | Grandma |  |  | Mass on Sunday |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to mass=Initial\_Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Factories make toys by mass production.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:x7:1
# text = Factories make toys by mass production.
1	Factories	factory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	toys	toy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	mass	mass	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	production	production	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Factories | toys |  |  |  | by mass production | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset toy=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They could not pull their feet out of the sticky mass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mass:x8:1
# text = They could not pull their feet out of the sticky mass.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	pull	pull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	sticky	sticky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **pull** | could | They | their feet |  | the sticky mass |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent foot=Theme out mass=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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