---
title: mastered — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mastered» in the school dictionary: Learned something completely so that you can do it well: she has mastered long division. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mastered

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, she, Got control, control, I, He · **What happens:** learn, do, master, get, fear, make · **To what, where:** something, it, long division, fear, final version, fight

<!-- .vabout -->
«mastered» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mastered in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mastered.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Learned something completely so that you can do it well: she has mastered long division.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:m1:1
# text = Learned something completely so that you can do it well: she has mastered long division.
1	Learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
4	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	8	mark	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	mastered	master	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
15	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	division	division	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past |  | something |  |  |  | completely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | can | you | it |  |  |  | well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
| 3 | **master** | present · perfect | she | long division |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Got control over a feeling or difficulty: he mastered his fear.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:m2:1
# text = Got control over a feeling or difficulty: he mastered his fear.
1	Got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	control	control	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	mastered	master	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **master** | past | Got control over a feeling or difficulty | control's fear |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fear** |  | control |  |  |  |  |  | nom fear «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: music — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Made the final version of a recording.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:m3:1
# text = Made the final version of a recording.
1	Made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	version	version	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	recording	recording	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past |  | the final version of a recording |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset version=Product |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mastered can also mean defeated or overpowered in a fight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:m4:1
# text = Mastered can also mean defeated or overpowered in a fight.
1	Mastered	master	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	defeated	defeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	xcomp	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	overpowered	overpower	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **master** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **defeat** *not said to happen* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **overpower** | participle |  |  |  | a fight |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have finally mastered riding my bike.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:x1:1
# text = I have finally mastered riding my bike.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	finally	finally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mastered	master	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	riding	ride	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **master** | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  | finally *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **ride** | gerund | I *not said here* | my bike |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bike=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Once you have mastered adding, you can learn multiplying.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:x2:1
# text = Once you have mastered adding, you can learn multiplying.
1	Once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mastered	master	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
5	adding	add	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	multiplying	multiply	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **master** | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **learn** | can | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **multiply** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She mastered the piano piece after weeks of practice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:x3:1
# text = She mastered the piano piece after weeks of practice.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	mastered	master	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	piano	piano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **master** | past | She | the piano piece |  |  | week |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He mastered his fear of the dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:x4:1
# text = He mastered his fear of the dark.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	mastered	master	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **master** | past | He | his fear of the dark |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fear** |  | his *= he* | the dark |  |  |  |  | nom fear «feeling transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class has mastered the five times table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:x5:1
# text = Our class has mastered the five times table.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mastered	master	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	compound	_	_
8	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **master** | present · perfect | Our class | the times table |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puppy mastered «sit» in one day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:x6:1
# text = The puppy mastered «sit» in one day.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	mastered	master	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **master** | past | the puppy |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** *in a quote* | infinitive | the puppy *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It took me ages, but I mastered the backflip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:x7:1
# text = It took me ages, but I mastered the backflip.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	ages	age	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	mastered	master	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	backflip	backflip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | It | ages | me |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument i=Theme age=Destination |
| 2 | **master** | past | I | the backflip |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The song was mastered in a big studio.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:x8:1
# text = The song was mastered in a big studio.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	mastered	master	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	studio	studio	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **master** | past · passive |  | the song |  | a big studio |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Snati immediately sprang upon him, and Ring assisted in the attack, and after a hard struggle they mastered him a second time.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mastered:x9:1
# text = Snati immediately sprang upon him, and Ring assisted in the attack, and after a hard struggle they mastered him a second time.
1	Snati	Snati	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	sprang	spring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	Ring	Ring	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	assisted	assist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	attack	attack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
15	after	after	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	struggle	struggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
19	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	mastered	master	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	24	amod	_	_
24	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spring** | past | Snati |  |  |  |  | upon him *= he*; immediately *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon he=Trajectory |
| 2 | **assist** | past | Ring |  |  | the attack |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **master** | past | they | Ring |  |  | after a hard struggle; time |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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