---
title: medal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «medal» in the school dictionary: A medal is a flat piece of metal, often round and on a ribbon, given as a prize or to honour someone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# medal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** medal, She, Everyone, firefighter, team, Grandad · **What happens:** be, give, honour, medal, mean, win · **To what, where:** flat piece, ribbon, someone, sport, medal, gold medal

<!-- .vabout -->
«medal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [medal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/medal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A medal is a flat piece of metal, often round and on a ribbon, given as a prize or to honour someone.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medal:m1:1
# text = A medal is a flat piece of metal, often round and on a ribbon, given as a prize or to honour someone.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	medal	medal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	often	often	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
11	round	round	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ribbon	ribbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	prize	prize	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	honour	honour	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
24	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a medal | a flat piece |  |  |  | of metal | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | participle |  | a ribbon *not said here* |  |  |  | as a prize | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **honour** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In sport, to medal means to win a medal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medal:m2:1
# text = In sport, to medal means to win a medal.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	medal	medal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	medal	medal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **medal** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  | sport |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **win** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a medal |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medal=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She won a gold medal for swimming.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medal:x1:1
# text = She won a gold medal for swimming.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	medal	medal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | She | a gold medal |  |  |  | for swimming | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent medal=Theme for swimming=Beneficiary |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Everyone who finished the race got a medal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medal:x2:1
# text = Everyone who finished the race got a medal.
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	6	nsubj	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	finished	finish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	medal	medal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | past |  | the race |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector race=Eventuality |
| 2 | **get** | past | Everyone | a medal |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer medal=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The firefighter got a medal for bravery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medal:x3:1
# text = The firefighter got a medal for bravery.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	firefighter	firefighter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	medal	medal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bravery	bravery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | the firefighter | a medal |  |  |  | for bravery | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent medal=Theme for bravery=Source |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our team came third and won bronze medals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medal:x4:1
# text = Our team came third and won bronze medals.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	third	third	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	bronze	bronze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	medals	medal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Our team |  |  |  |  | third *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **win** | past | Our team *not said here* | bronze medals |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medal=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad keeps his medals in a box.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medal:x5:1
# text = Grandad keeps his medals in a box.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	medals	medal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Grandad | Grandad's medals |  | a box |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent medal=Theme in box=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The country with the most gold medals tops the medal table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medal:x6:1
# text = The country with the most gold medals tops the medal table.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
6	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	medals	medal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
8	tops	top	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	medal	medal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **top** | present | the country with the most gold medals | the medal table |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme table=Co-Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the course of the year he won the little silver prize medal of the Academy, and afterwards he gained the great one too.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medal:x7:1
# text = In the course of the year he won the little silver prize medal of the Academy, and afterwards he gained the great one too.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	prize	prize	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
13	medal	medal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Academy	Academy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	afterwards	afterwards	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	gained	gain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	too	too	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | he | the little silver |  | the course of the year |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **prize** | infinitive | he *not said here* | medal of the Academy |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer medal=Stimulus |
| 3 | **gain** | past | he | the great one |  |  |  | afterwards *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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