---
title: medicine — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «medicine» in the school dictionary: A pill, liquid or cream that a doctor or chemist gives to help you get better when ill. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# medicine

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** doctor, you, doctors, Something, Laughter, Mum · **What happens:** give, help, get, study, work, make · **To what, where:** you, medicine, best medicine, cough medicine, me, medicines · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«medicine» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [medicine in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/medicine.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pill, liquid or cream that a doctor or chemist gives to help you get better when ill.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:m1:1
# text = A pill, liquid or cream that a doctor or chemist gives to help you get better when ill.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pill	pill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	liquid	liquid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	chemist	chemist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	16	xcomp	_	_
18	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	19	mark	_	_
19	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | a doctor or chemist |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive | a doctor or chemist *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **get** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | good *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The science and work of doctors: studying medicine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:m2:1
# text = The science and work of doctors: studying medicine.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	studying	study	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
9	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | gerund |  | medicine |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Topic |
| 2 | **work** |  | doctors |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something that makes you feel better: «Laughter is the best medicine».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:m3:1
# text = Something that makes you feel better: «Laughter is the best medicine».
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	13	amod	_	_
13	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Something | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **feel** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | good *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | Laughter | the best medicine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum gave me some cough medicine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:x1:1
# text = Mum gave me some cough medicine.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
5	cough	cough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Mum | some cough medicine | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient medicine=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only take medicine from a grown-up you trust.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:x2:1
# text = Only take medicine from a grown-up you trust.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	trust	trust	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | medicine |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme |
| 2 | **grow up** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **trust** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never take medicine that belongs to someone else.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:x3:1
# text = Never take medicine that belongs to someone else.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	belongs	belong	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	_
8	else	else	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | medicine |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme |
| 2 | **belong** | present | medicine |  |  |  |  | to someone | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keep medicines out of reach of little children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:x4:1
# text = Keep medicines out of reach of little children.
1	Keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	medicines	medicine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	reach	reach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | medicines |  | reach of little children |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme out reach=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The medicine tastes like strawberries, but it is not a sweet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:x5:1
# text = The medicine tastes like strawberries, but it is not a sweet.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	tastes	taste	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	strawberries	strawberry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sweet	sweet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taste** | present | the medicine |  |  |  |  | like strawberries | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | present | medicine | a sweet |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt studied medicine and became a doctor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:x6:1
# text = My aunt studied medicine and became a doctor.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	studied	study	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | past | My aunt | medicine |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Topic |
| 2 | **become** | past | My aunt *not said here* | a doctor |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Take the medicine twice a day after food.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:x7:1
# text = Take the medicine twice a day after food.
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	twice	twice	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	1	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | the medicine |  |  | after food; day | twice *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Laughter is the best medicine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:medicine:x8:1
# text = Laughter is the best medicine.
1	Laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Laughter | the best medicine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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