---
title: meditate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «meditate» in the school dictionary: To meditate is to sit quietly and focus your mind, often on your breathing, to feel calm and peaceful. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# meditate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** your, Buddhists, We, psalm, I, She · **What happens:** meditate, be, focus, feel, mind, breathe · **To what, where:** breathing, mind, own ways, monk, silence, breaths · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«meditate» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [meditate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/meditate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To meditate is to sit quietly and focus your mind, often on your breathing, to feel calm and peaceful.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:m1:1
# text = To meditate is to sit quietly and focus your mind, often on your breathing, to feel calm and peaceful.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	meditate	meditate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	quietly	quietly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	focus	focus	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	breathing	breathing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
19	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	peaceful	peaceful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meditate** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | your breathing |  | quietly, sit *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **focus** | infinitive |  | your mind |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **feel** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | calm *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 5 | **mind** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
| 6 | **breathe** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom breathing «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church, religion — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To meditate is to think deeply and prayerfully about God or a holy text; Buddhists, Hindus and Christians all meditate in their own ways.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:m2:1
# text = To meditate is to think deeply and prayerfully about God or a holy text; Buddhists, Hindus and Christians all meditate in their own ways.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	meditate	meditate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	deeply	deeply	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	prayerfully	prayerfully	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	ccomp	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	holy	holy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
16	Buddhists	Buddhist	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	Hindus	Hindu	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
21	all	all	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	meditate	meditate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
25	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meditate** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **be** *speech: other* | present |  |  |  |  |  | think *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **meditate** | present | Buddhists and Hindus and Christians |  |  | Buddhists's own ways |  | all *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To meditate on something is to think about it seriously for a long time.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:m3:1
# text = To meditate on something is to think about it seriously for a long time.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	meditate	meditate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	think	think	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	seriously	seriously	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meditate** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | on something | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent on something=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | about it; seriously, think *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We meditate for five minutes after lunch to calm down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:x1:1
# text = We meditate for five minutes after lunch to calm down.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	meditate	meditate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	calm	calm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	down	down	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meditate** | present | We |  |  |  | after lunch; minute |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **calm down** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monk meditated in silence for hours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:x2:1
# text = The monk meditated in silence for hours.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monk	monk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	meditated	meditate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meditate** | participle |  | the monk *not said here* |  | silence | hour |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The psalm says to meditate on God's law day and night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:x3:1
# text = The psalm says to meditate on God's law day and night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	psalm	psalm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	meditate	meditate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the psalm |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **meditate** | to-infinitive | the psalm *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When I feel angry, I meditate and count my breaths.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:x4:1
# text = When I feel angry, I meditate and count my breaths.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	meditate	meditate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	count	count	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	breaths	breath	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | I |  |  |  |  | angry *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **meditate** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **count** | infinitive | I *not said here* | my breaths |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Buddhists meditate to train their minds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:x5:1
# text = Buddhists meditate to train their minds.
1	Buddhists	buddhist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	meditate	meditate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	train	train	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	minds	mind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meditate** | present | Buddhists |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **train** | to-infinitive | Buddhists *not said here* | Buddhists's minds |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mind=Theme |
| 3 | **mind** |  | Buddhists *= buddhist* |  |  |  |  |  | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She meditated on what her grandmother had said.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:x6:1
# text = She meditated on what her grandmother had said.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	meditated	meditate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	obl	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **meditate** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent on what=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · perfect · passive |  | her grandmother |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He sat down on the shore and meditated.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:meditate:x7:1
# text = He sat down on the shore and meditated.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	meditated	meditate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit down** | past | He |  |  | the shore |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on shore=Location |
| 2 | **meditate** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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