---
title: mei — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mei» in the school dictionary: «Méi» means «not» or «don't have»: «méiyǒu» is «there isn't» or «I haven't got». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mei

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Méi, I, Měi, měitiān, Měiguó, Mei · **What happens:** mean, not have, not be, not get, be, use · **To what, where:** beautiful, day, America, name, China, Mandarin · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«mei» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mei in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mei.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Mandarin, pinyin — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Méi» means «not» or «don't have»: «méiyǒu» is «there isn't» or «I haven't got».

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:m1:1
# text = «Méi» means «not» or «don't have»: «méiyǒu» is «there isn't» or «I haven't got».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Méi	Méi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	méiyǒu	méiyǒu	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	21	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	21	expl	_	_
21	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
25	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Méi |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **have** *in a quote* | infinitive · do-support | Méi *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is** *in a quote* | present | I *not said here* |  |  | there |  | be *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **get** *in a quote* | present · perfect | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Mandarin, pinyin — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Měi» means «beautiful» and also «every»: «měitiān» is «every day».

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:m2:1
# text = «Měi» means «beautiful» and also «every»: «měitiān» is «every day».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Měi	Měi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	also	also	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	měitiān	měitiān	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Měi | beautiful |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | měitiān | every day |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Mandarin, pinyin — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Měiguó» means «America», the USA, literally «beautiful country».

<!-- fold The tree, 8 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:m3:1
# text = «Měiguó» means «America», the USA, literally «beautiful country».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Měiguó	Měiguó	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	literally	literally	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Měiguó | America and the USA |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent america=Topic |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mei is a girl's name, used in China and Japan. To an English ear it sounds like «may».

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Mei is a girl's name, used in China and Japan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:m4:1
# text = Mei is a girl's name, used in China and Japan.
1	Mei	Mei	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mei | a girl's name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a girl's name *not said here* |  | China and Japan |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* To an English ear it sounds like «may».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:m4:2
# text = To an English ear it sounds like «may».
1	To	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | present | ear |  |  |  |  | to a English ear | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to ear=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Mandarin, «méi guānxi» means «never mind».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:x1:1
# text = In Mandarin, «méi guānxi» means «never mind».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Mandarin	Mandarin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	méi	méi	X	FW	_	6	flat:foreign	_	_
6	guānxi	guānxi	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	mind	mind	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | méi guānxi |  |  | Mandarin |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **mind** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Wǒ méiyǒu gēge» means «I haven't got an older brother».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:x2:1
# text = «Wǒ méiyǒu gēge» means «I haven't got an older brother».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Wǒ	Wǒ	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	4	compound	_	_
3	méiyǒu	méiyǒu	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	4	compound	_	_
4	gēge	gēge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	ccomp	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	amod	_	_
14	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Wǒ méiyǒu gēge |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **get** *in a quote* | present · perfect | I | a older brother |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer brother=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Měitiān» means «every day».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:x3:1
# text = «Měitiān» means «every day».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Měitiān	Měitiān	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Měitiān |  |  |  | day |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Měiguó» is the Mandarin name for America.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:x4:1
# text = «Měiguó» is the Mandarin name for America.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Měiguó	Měiguó	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Mandarin	mandarin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Měiguó | the Mandarin name |  |  |  | for America | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend Mei is learning the violin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:x5:1
# text = My friend Mei is learning the violin.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	Mei	Mei	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	violin	violin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | My friend | the violin |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent violin=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pinyin «mei» sounds like the English name «May».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:x6:1
# text = Pinyin «mei» sounds like the English name «May».
1	Pinyin	Pinyin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	mei	mei	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	May	May	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | present | Pinyin |  |  |  |  | like the English name | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Méiyǒu!» the shopkeeper said — there were none left.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mei:x7:1
# text = «Méiyǒu!» the shopkeeper said — there were none left.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Méiyǒu	Méiyǒu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shopkeeper	shopkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
11	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	10	nsubj	_	_
12	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Méiyǒu |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **be** | past | none |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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