---
title: mellowed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mellowed» in the school dictionary: Became softer, calmer and kinder with age or time: «Grandad has mellowed.». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mellowed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Grandad, apples, cross teacher, balls · **What happens:** become, mellow, be, leave, hang, ripen · **To what, where:** old brick wall, autumn sun., evening light, gold, cheese, cellar

<!-- .vabout -->
«mellowed» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mellowed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mellowed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Became softer, calmer and kinder with age or time: «Grandad has mellowed.».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:m1:1
# text = Became softer, calmer and kinder with age or time: «Grandad has mellowed.».
1	Became	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	softer	soft	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	calmer	calm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	conj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	kinder	kind	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	mellowed	mellow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | soft *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mellow** *in a quote* | present · perfect | Grandad |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of colours, sounds, light — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Became soft, warm and rich, not harsh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:m2:1
# text = Became soft, warm and rich, not harsh.
1	Became	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	harsh	harsh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | soft *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of fruit, wine, cheese — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Became ripe, sweet and smooth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:m3:1
# text = Became ripe, sweet and smooth.
1	Became	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	ripe	ripe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | ripe *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad was strict, but he has mellowed with age.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:x1:1
# text = Grandad was strict, but he has mellowed with age.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	strict	strict	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	mellowed	mellow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Grandad |  |  |  |  | strict *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **mellow** | present · perfect | Grandad |  |  |  | with age |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with age=Instrument |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old brick wall had mellowed to a warm red.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:x2:1
# text = The old brick wall had mellowed to a warm red.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	brick	brick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	mellowed	mellow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mellow** | past · perfect · passive |  | the old brick wall |  |  |  | to a warm red | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The apples mellowed in the autumn sun.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:x3:1
# text = The apples mellowed in the autumn sun.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	mellowed	mellow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	sun.	sun.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mellow** | past | the apples |  |  | the autumn sun. |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The evening light mellowed into gold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:x4:1
# text = The evening light mellowed into gold.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	mellowed	mellow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mellow** | participle |  | the evening light *not said here* |  | gold |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After a cup of tea, the cross teacher mellowed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:x5:1
# text = After a cup of tea, the cross teacher mellowed.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	cross	cross	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	mellowed	mellow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mellow** | past | the cross teacher |  |  |  | after a cup of tea |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cheese mellowed in the cellar for a year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:x6:1
# text = The cheese mellowed in the cellar for a year.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	mellowed	mellow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cellar	cellar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mellow** | participle |  | the cheese *not said here* |  | the cellar | year |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Among the broad smooth green leaves the fruit hung like golden balls, and as they ripened they mellowed to a deep orange.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mellowed:x7:1
# text = Among the broad smooth green leaves the fruit hung like golden balls, and as they ripened they mellowed to a deep orange.
1	Among	among	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	broad	broad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	leaves	leave	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	balls	ball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	ripened	ripen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	mellowed	mellow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	orange	orange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present |  | the fruit |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Theme |
| 2 | **hang** | participle |  | the fruit *not said here* |  |  |  | like golden balls | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **ripen** | past | balls *= ball* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **mellow** | past | balls *= ball* |  |  |  |  | to a deep orange | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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