---
title: melody — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «melody» in the school dictionary: A melody is a tune: a series of musical notes, one after another, that sounds pleasing and is easy to remember. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# melody

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** melody, that, She, you, song, catchy melody · **What happens:** be, sound, remember, sing, hum, paint · **To what, where:** tune, main tune, piece, part, pleasant sound, happy melody

<!-- .vabout -->
«melody» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [melody in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/melody.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A melody is a tune: a series of musical notes, one after another, that sounds pleasing and is easy to remember.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:m1:1
# text = A melody is a tune: a series of musical notes, one after another, that sounds pleasing and is easy to remember.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tune	tune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	series	series	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	musical	musical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	conj	_	_
14	after	after	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
19	pleasing	pleasing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a melody | a tune and a series of musical notes |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sound** | present | that |  |  |  |  | pleasing *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | present | that *not said here* |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **remember** | to-infinitive | that *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The melody is the main tune in a piece of music, often the part that is sung.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:m2:1
# text = The melody is the main tune in a piece of music, often the part that is sung.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tune	tune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	sung	sing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the melody | the main tune and the part |  | a piece of music |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | present · passive |  | the part |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A melody is also any pleasant sound like music, such as birdsong.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:m3:1
# text = A melody is also any pleasant sound like music, such as birdsong.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
6	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	birdsong	birdsong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a melody | any pleasant sound and birdsong |  |  |  | like music | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She hummed a happy melody as she painted.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:x1:1
# text = She hummed a happy melody as she painted.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hummed	hum	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hum** | past | She | a happy melody |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent melody=Topic |
| 2 | **paint** | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you play the melody of «Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star»?

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:x2:1
# text = Can you play the melody of «Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star»?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Twinkle	twinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Twinkle	twinkle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	Little	Little	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	Star	Star	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | can | you | the melody of Twinkle and Twinkle |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent melody=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The song has a catchy melody that sticks in your head.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:x3:1
# text = The song has a catchy melody that sticks in your head.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	catchy	catchy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the song | a catchy melody |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent melody=Patient |
| 2 | **stick** | present | a catchy melody |  |  | your head |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in head=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The violins play the melody while the cellos play the harmony.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:x4:1
# text = The violins play the melody while the cellos play the harmony.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	violins	violin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cellos	cello	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	play	play	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	harmony	harmony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | the violins | the melody |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent melody=Theme |
| 2 | **play** | present | the cellos | the harmony |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harmony=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blackbird's melody woke me up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:x5:1
# text = The blackbird's melody woke me up.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blackbird	blackbird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	woke	wake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wake up** | past | the blackbird's melody | me |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent i=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We composed a short melody using only five notes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:x6:1
# text = We composed a short melody using only five notes.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	composed	compose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compose** | past | We | a short melody |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent melody=Result |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | We *not said here* | five notes |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent note=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The melody goes up and then comes down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:x7:1
# text = The melody goes up and then comes down.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
7	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go up** | present | the melody |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **come down** | present | the melody *not said here* |  |  |  | then | down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He had a sweet voice, and every melody seemed to flow naturally from his lips.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:melody:x8:1
# text = He had a sweet voice, and every melody seemed to flow naturally from his lips.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	melody	melody	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	flow	flow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	naturally	naturally	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	lips	lip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | He | a sweet voice |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Patient |
| 2 | **seem** | past | every melody |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **flow** | to-infinitive | every melody *not said here* |  |  | melody's lips |  | naturally *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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