---
title: mentality — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mentality» in the school dictionary: The usual way a person or group thinks and feels about things; their attitude: «a winning mentality». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mentality

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, coach, we, growth mentality, believing, Mob mentality · **What happens:** think, feel, win, mind, say, need · **To what, where:** usual way, ability, winning mentality, you, hard things, waste · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«mentality» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mentality in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mentality.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The usual way a person or group thinks and feels about things; their attitude: «a winning mentality».

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:m1:1
# text = The usual way a person or group thinks and feels about things; their attitude: «a winning mentality».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	thinks	think	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
11	about	about	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	attitude	attitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	winning	win	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	amod	_	_
20	mentality	mentality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | present | a person or group | the usual way |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **feel** | present | a person or group *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about things | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent about thing=Location |
| 3 | **win** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person's mind or thinking ability.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:m2:1
# text = A person's mind or thinking ability.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	thinking	think	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
7	ability	ability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | gerund |  | ability |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot ability=Theme |
| 2 | **mind** |  | a person |  |  |  |  |  | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our coach says we need a winning mentality.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:x1:1
# text = Our coach says we need a winning mentality.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	winning	win	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	mentality	mentality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Our coach |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **need** | present | we | a winning mentality |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot mentality=Theme |
| 3 | **win** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A growth mentality means believing you can learn hard things.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:x2:1
# text = A growth mentality means believing you can learn hard things.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	mentality	mentality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	believing	believe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
9	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | a growth mentality |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **believe** | gerund |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
| 3 | **learn** | can | believing | hard things |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mob mentality made the crowd start pushing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:x3:1
# text = Mob mentality made the crowd start pushing.
1	Mob	mob	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	mentality	mentality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	pushing	push	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Mob mentality |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **start** | infinitive | the crowd |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **push** | gerund | the crowd *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma has a «waste not, want not» mentality.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:x4:1
# text = Grandma has a «waste not, want not» mentality.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	want	want	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
11	mentality	mentality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | present | Grandma | a waste |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waste=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **want** *in a quote* | infinitive | Grandma *not said here* | mentality |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot mentality=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her positive mentality helped her finish the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:x5:1
# text = Her positive mentality helped her finish the race.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	positive	positive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	mentality	mentality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	finish	finish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | Her positive mentality | her *= she* |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent she=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **finish** | infinitive | her *= she* *not said here* | the race |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality race=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team changed its mentality after the half-time talk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:x6:1
# text = The team changed its mentality after the half-time talk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	mentality	mentality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | the team | team's mentality |  |  | after the time talk |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mentality=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Copying everyone else is called a herd mentality.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:x7:1
# text = Copying everyone else is called a herd mentality.
1	Copying	copy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj:pass	_	_
2	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	1	obj	_	_
3	else	else	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	mentality	mentality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **copy** | gerund |  | everyone |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everyone=Theme |
| 2 | **call** *speech: assert* | present · passive | Copying | a herd mentality |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V» |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An «us versus them» mentality can lead to bullying.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mentality:x8:1
# text = An «us versus them» mentality can lead to bullying.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	_
4	versus	versus	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
7	mentality	mentality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	bullying	bullying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | can | a mentality |  |  |  |  | to bullying | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to bullying=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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