---
title: merino — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «merino» in the school dictionary: A breed of sheep with very fine, soft wool, first from Spain and now raised in large numbers in Australia and New Zealand. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# merino

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Merino sheep, Australia, merino jumper, Hikers, Zealand farmers, Shearing · **What happens:** raise, make, have, be, not itch, wear · **To what, where:** large numbers, cloth, soft wool, millions, merino socks, merino wool

<!-- .vabout -->
«merino» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [merino in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/merino.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A breed of sheep with very fine, soft wool, first from Spain and now raised in large numbers in Australia and New Zealand.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:m1:1
# text = A breed of sheep with very fine, soft wool, first from Spain and now raised in large numbers in Australia and New Zealand.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	breed	breed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	advmod	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
17	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	flat	_	_
25	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | participle |  |  |  | large numbers in Australia and New Zealand | now |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in number=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The soft, warm wool from these sheep, or cloth made from it.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:m2:1
# text = The soft, warm wool from these sheep, or cloth made from it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | cloth *not said here* |  | cloth |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from it=Material |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Merino sheep have very soft wool.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:x1:1
# text = Merino sheep have very soft wool.
1	Merino	merino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Merino sheep | soft wool |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wool=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia has millions of merino sheep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:x2:1
# text = Australia has millions of merino sheep.
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	merino	merino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Australia | millions of merino sheep |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My merino jumper is warm and doesn't itch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:x3:1
# text = My merino jumper is warm and doesn't itch.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	merino	merino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	jumper	jumper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	itch	itch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My merino jumper |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **itch** | present · do-support | My merino jumper *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn pain-40.8.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hikers often wear merino socks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:x4:1
# text = Hikers often wear merino socks.
1	Hikers	hiker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	often	often	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	merino	merino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	socks	sock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | Hikers | merino socks |  |  |  | often *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent sock=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
New Zealand farmers sell merino wool all around the world.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:x5:1
# text = New Zealand farmers sell merino wool all around the world.
1	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
2	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sell	sell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	merino	merino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	all	all	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	around	around	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present | Zealand farmers | merino wool |  | the world |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wool=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Merino sheep were first bred in Spain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:x6:1
# text = Merino sheep were first bred in Spain.
1	Merino	merino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	advmod	_	_
5	bred	breed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breed** | past · passive |  | Merino sheep |  | Spain |  | first *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shearing a merino sheep takes skill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:x7:1
# text = Shearing a merino sheep takes skill.
1	Shearing	shear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	merino	merino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shear** | gerund |  | a merino sheep |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent sheep=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **take** | present | Shearing | skill |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skill=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Merino wool keeps you warm even when it is a bit damp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:merino:x8:1
# text = Merino wool keeps you warm even when it is a bit damp.
1	Merino	merino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	even	even	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	12	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl:unmarked	_	_
12	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Merino wool | you |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | wool |  |  |  |  | a bit *obl:unmarked*; damp *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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