---
title: mesozoic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mesozoic» in the school dictionary: The Mesozoic is a long stretch of Earth's history, from about 252 million to 66 million years ago, often called the Age of Dinosaurs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mesozoic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mesozoic, Dinosaurs, Mesozoic era, class, first birds, Mesozoic rocks · **What happens:** be, call, belong, live, have, make · **To what, where:** long stretch, Age, Mesozoic, three periods, timeline, end · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«mesozoic» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mesozoic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mesozoic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mesozoic is a long stretch of Earth's history, from about 252 million to 66 million years ago, often called the Age of Dinosaurs.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:m1:1
# text = The Mesozoic is a long stretch of Earth's history, from about 252 million to 66 million years ago, often called the Age of Dinosaurs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Mesozoic	Mesozoic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	stretch	stretch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	about	about	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	252	252	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	compound	_	_
15	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	compound	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	66	66	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	nmod	_	_
18	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl:unmarked	_	_
20	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	often	often	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	xcomp	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Mesozoic | a long stretch |  |  |  | of Earth's history; ago *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | the Age of Dinosaurs |  |  |  | often *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Belonging to that time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:m2:1
# text = Belonging to that time.
1	Belonging	belong	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **belong** | gerund |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mesozoic rocks, Mesozoic reptiles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:m2e:1
# text = Mesozoic rocks, Mesozoic reptiles.
1	Mesozoic	mesozoic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	Mesozoic	mesozoic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	reptiles	reptile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dinosaurs lived in the Mesozoic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:x1:1
# text = Dinosaurs lived in the Mesozoic.
1	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Mesozoic	Mesozoic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | Dinosaurs |  |  | the Mesozoic |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mesozoic=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mesozoic era had three periods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:x2:1
# text = The Mesozoic era had three periods.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Mesozoic	Mesozoic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	era	era	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	periods	period	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Mesozoic era | three periods |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent period=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class made a timeline of the Mesozoic along the corridor wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:x3:1
# text = Our class made a timeline of the Mesozoic along the corridor wall.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	timeline	timeline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Mesozoic	Mesozoic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	along	along	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	corridor	corridor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Our class | a timeline of the Mesozoic |  |  |  | along the corridor wall | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset timeline=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The first birds appeared in the Mesozoic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:x4:1
# text = The first birds appeared in the Mesozoic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Mesozoic	Mesozoic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | the first birds |  |  | the Mesozoic |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mesozoic=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mesozoic rocks on the Jurassic Coast are full of ammonites.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:x5:1
# text = Mesozoic rocks on the Jurassic Coast are full of ammonites.
1	Mesozoic	mesozoic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Jurassic	Jurassic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Coast	Coast	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ammonites	ammonite	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Mesozoic rocks on the Jurassic Coast |  |  |  |  | of ammonites; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flowering plants spread near the end of the Mesozoic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:x6:1
# text = Flowering plants spread near the end of the Mesozoic.
1	Flowering	flower	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spread	spread	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	near	near	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Mesozoic	Mesozoic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flower** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **spread** | present | Flowering plants |  |  |  | near the end of the Mesozoic |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near end=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Humans did not live in the Mesozoic at all.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mesozoic:x7:1
# text = Humans did not live in the Mesozoic at all.
1	Humans	human	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Mesozoic	Mesozoic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **live** | past · do-support | Humans |  |  | the Mesozoic |  | at all | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mesozoic=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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