---
title: metropolitan — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «metropolitan» in the school dictionary: Metropolitan means belonging to a very big city, called a metropolis, and the towns around it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# metropolitan

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Metropolitan, big city, million people, Metropolitan Police, We, Metropolitan areas · **What happens:** mean, belong, call, be, live, look · **To what, where:** towns, metropolis, senior bishop, charge, main part, Melbourne metropolitan area · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«metropolitan» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [metropolitan in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/metropolitan.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Metropolitan means belonging to a very big city, called a metropolis, and the towns around it.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:m1:1
# text = Metropolitan means belonging to a very big city, called a metropolis, and the towns around it.
1	Metropolitan	metropolitan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	belonging	belong	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	metropolis	metropolis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
17	around	around	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Metropolitan |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **belong** *not said to happen* | gerund | Metropolitan *not said here* | the towns around Metropolitan |  |  |  | to a big city | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **call** | participle | a big city *not said here* | a metropolis |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A metropolitan is a senior bishop in charge of an area, especially in the Orthodox churches.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:m2:1
# text = A metropolitan is a senior bishop in charge of an area, especially in the Orthodox churches.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	metropolitan	metropolitan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	senior	senior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bishop	bishop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	charge	charge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Orthodox	orthodox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	churches	church	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a metropolitan | a senior bishop and the Orthodox churches |  | charge |  | of a area | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Metropolitan France means the main part of France in Europe, not its overseas lands.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:m3:1
# text = Metropolitan France means the main part of France in Europe, not its overseas lands.
1	Metropolitan	Metropolitan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	France	France	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	overseas	overseas	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Metropolitan | the main part of France and its overseas lands |  |  |  | in Europe | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot part=Theme in europe=Attribute |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
More than five million people live in the Melbourne metropolitan area.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:x1:1
# text = More than five million people live in the Melbourne metropolitan area.
1	More	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	4	advmod	_	_
2	than	than	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	compound	_	_
4	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	Melbourne	Melbourne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
10	metropolitan	metropolitan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | million people |  |  | the Melbourne metropolitan area |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in area=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Metropolitan Police look after London.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:x2:1
# text = The Metropolitan Police look after London.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Metropolitan	Metropolitan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	Police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | the Metropolitan Police |  |  |  | after London |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We visited the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:x3:1
# text = We visited the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Metropolitan	Metropolitan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Museum	Museum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Art	Art	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	_
10	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | We | the Metropolitan Museum of Art |  | New York |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent museum=Co-Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Metropolitan areas often have busy trains and buses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:x4:1
# text = Metropolitan areas often have busy trains and buses.
1	Metropolitan	metropolitan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	areas	area	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	busy	busy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	trains	train	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	buses	bus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Metropolitan areas | busy trains and buses |  |  |  | often *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent train=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The metropolitan led the Easter service in the cathedral.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:x5:1
# text = The metropolitan led the Easter service in the cathedral.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	metropolitan	metropolitan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Easter	Easter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cathedral	cathedral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past | the metropolitan | the Easter service |  | the cathedral |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent service=Theme in cathedral=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Transport for London runs the Metropolitan line on the Underground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:x6:1
# text = Transport for London runs the Metropolitan line on the Underground.
1	Transport	transport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Metropolitan	Metropolitan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Underground	Underground	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present | Transport for London | the Metropolitan line |  | the Underground |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent line=Theme on underground=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rural areas are quieter than metropolitan ones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:metropolitan:x7:1
# text = Rural areas are quieter than metropolitan ones.
1	Rural	rural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	areas	area	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	quieter	quiet	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	metropolitan	metropolitan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Rural areas |  |  |  |  | than metropolitan ones; quiet *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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