---
title: microscope — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «microscope» in the school dictionary: A scientific instrument with lenses that makes very small things look much bigger, so you can see things too small for your eyes alone, like cells and germs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# microscope

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**Who acts:** lenses, scientific instrument, you, We, microscope, cells · **What happens:** make, look, see, turn, focus, be · **To what, where:** small things, things, knob, microscope, work

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«microscope» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [microscope in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/microscope.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A scientific instrument with lenses that makes very small things look much bigger, so you can see things too small for your eyes alone, like cells and germs.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:microscope:m1:1
# text = A scientific instrument with lenses that makes very small things look much bigger, so you can see things too small for your eyes alone, like cells and germs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	scientific	scientific	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	instrument	instrument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	lenses	lens	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
11	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	much	much	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	so	so	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
19	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
20	too	too	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
25	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	like	like	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | lenses | small things |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thing=Product |
| 2 | **look** | present | a scientific instrument with lenses |  |  |  |  | big *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **see** | can | you | things |  |  |  | like cells and germs; alone *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We looked at a drop of pond water under the microscope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:microscope:x1:1
# text = We looked at a drop of pond water under the microscope.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	drop	drop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	under	under	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	microscope	microscope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | We |  |  |  |  | under the microscope; at a drop of pond water | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at drop=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The microscope makes the cells look 100 times bigger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:microscope:x2:1
# text = The microscope makes the cells look 100 times bigger.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	microscope	microscope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the microscope |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | the cells |  |  |  |  | big *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn the knob slowly to focus the microscope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:microscope:x3:1
# text = Turn the knob slowly to focus the microscope.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	knob	knob	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	focus	focus	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	microscope	microscope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* | the knob |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent knob=Theme |
| 2 | **focus** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the microscope |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Germs are too small to see without a microscope.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:microscope:x4:1
# text = Germs are too small to see without a microscope.
1	Germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	microscope	microscope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Germs |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | Germs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | without a microscope | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carry the microscope with two hands.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:microscope:x5:1
# text = Carry the microscope with two hands.
1	Carry	carry	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	microscope	microscope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | imperative | you *not said here* | the microscope |  |  |  | with two hands | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent microscope=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her work was put under the microscope by the judges.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:microscope:x6:1
# text = Her work was put under the microscope by the judges.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	microscope	microscope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	judges	judge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past · passive | the judges | Her work |  | the microscope |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme under microscope=Destination |
| 2 | **work** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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