---
title: midget — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «midget» in the school dictionary: An old word for a very short person; today it is considered hurtful and should not be used — say «a person of short stature» or «a person with dwarfism». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# midget

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** old word, old story, we, Calling, midget submarine, cousin · **What happens:** consider, not use, say, use, call, be · **To what, where:** person, word, someone, small submarine, midget car, track · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«midget» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [midget in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/midget.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: offensive — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An old word for a very short person; today it is considered hurtful and should not be used — say «a person of short stature» or «a person with dwarfism».

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midget:m1:1
# text = An old word for a very short person; today it is considered hurtful and should not be used — say «a person of short stature» or «a person with dwarfism».
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	considered	consider	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
14	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
20	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
21	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	19	parataxis	_	_
22	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	stature	stature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	dwarfism	dwarfism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consider** | present · passive | a old word for a short person *not said here* | person |  |  | today | hurtful *property* | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute |
| 2 | **not** **use** | should · passive | a old word for a short person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V» |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive |  | a person of short stature or a person with dwarfism |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent person=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very small for its kind: a midget submarine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midget:m2:1
# text = Very small for its kind: a midget submarine.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	midget	midget	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	submarine	submarine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: sport, Canada, US — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An age group in youth sports, for older teenagers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midget:m3:1
# text = An age group in youth sports, for older teenagers.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	amod	_	_
10	teenagers	teenager	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old story used the word «midget», but today we say «person of short stature».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midget:x1:1
# text = The old story used the word «midget», but today we say «person of short stature».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	midget	midget	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl:unmarked	_	_
13	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	stature	stature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the old story | the word |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | we | person of short stature |  |  | today |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent person=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Calling someone a midget is hurtful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midget:x2:1
# text = Calling someone a midget is hurtful.
1	Calling	call	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	midget	midget	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | gerund |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme midget=Result |
| 2 | **is** | present | Calling |  |  |  |  | hurtful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A midget submarine is a very small submarine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midget:x3:1
# text = A midget submarine is a very small submarine.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	midget	midget	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	submarine	submarine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	submarine	submarine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a midget submarine | a small submarine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My cousin plays in the midget hockey league in Canada.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midget:x4:1
# text = My cousin plays in the midget hockey league in Canada.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	plays	play	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	midget	midget	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	hockey	hockey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	league	league	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | My cousin |  |  |  |  | in the midget hockey league in Canada | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They watched midget car racing at the track.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midget:x5:1
# text = They watched midget car racing at the track.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	midget	midget	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	racing	race	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	track	track	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | They | midget car |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Theme |
| 2 | **race** | gerund | midget car *not said here* |  |  | the track |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at track=Trajectory |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plant grew a midget tomato the size of a pea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midget:x6:1
# text = The plant grew a midget tomato the size of a pea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	midget	midget	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tomato	tomato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pea	pea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the plant | a midget tomato |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP PP»: agent=Agent tomato=Beneficiary size=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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