---
title: midnight — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «midnight» in the school dictionary: Midnight is twelve o'clock at night, the moment when one day ends and the next one begins. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# midnight

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Midnight, one day, next one, Cinderella, We, clock · **What happens:** be, end, begin, mean, have, leave · **To what, where:** twelve o'clock, middle, ball, Eve., 00:00, hour clock

<!-- .vabout -->
«midnight» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [midnight in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/midnight.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Midnight is twelve o'clock at night, the moment when one day ends and the next one begins.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:m1:1
# text = Midnight is twelve o'clock at night, the moment when one day ends and the next one begins.
1	Midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	o'clock	o'clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	begins	begin	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Midnight | twelve o'clock |  |  | night |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **end** | present | one day |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **begin** | present | the next one |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Midnight can mean the middle of the night, a very late hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:m2:1
# text = Midnight can mean the middle of the night, a very late hour.
1	Midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	very	very	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Midnight | the middle of the night and a late hour |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent middle=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cinderella had to leave the ball before midnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:x1:1
# text = Cinderella had to leave the ball before midnight.
1	Cinderella	Cinderella	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Cinderella |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | to-infinitive | Cinderella *not said here* | the ball |  |  | midnight |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We stayed up until midnight on New Year's Eve.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:x2:1
# text = We stayed up until midnight on New Year's Eve.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	until	until	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	Eve.	Eve.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay up** | past | We |  |  | New Year's Eve. | midnight |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on eve.=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Midnight is 00:00 on the 24-hour clock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:x3:1
# text = Midnight is 00:00 on the 24-hour clock.
1	Midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	00:00	00:00	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	24	24	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Midnight | 00:00 |  | the hour clock |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clock struck twelve at midnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:x4:1
# text = The clock struck twelve at midnight.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strike** | past | the clock | twelve |  |  | midnight |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent twelve=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had a midnight feast at the sleepover.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:x5:1
# text = We had a midnight feast at the sleepover.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sleepover	sleepover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | a midnight feast |  | the sleepover |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feast=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's past midnight; go to sleep!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:x6:1
# text = It's past midnight; go to sleep!
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | past midnight |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | infinitive | past midnight *not said here* |  |  | sleep |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to sleep=Initial\_Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From midnight to 6 a.m. is six hours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:x7:1
# text = From midnight to 6 a.m. is six hours.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nmod	_	_
5	a.m.	a.m.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | six hours |  |  | midnight |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The owl hooted in the middle of the night, just after midnight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:x8:1
# text = The owl hooted in the middle of the night, just after midnight.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	hooted	hoot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	just	just	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hoot** | participle |  | the owl *not said here* |  | the middle of the night and midnight |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in middle=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At midnight the cottage door opened.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:midnight:x9:1
# text = At midnight the cottage door opened.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | the cottage door |  |  |  | midnight |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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