---
title: milkmaid — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «milkmaid» in the school dictionary: A girl or woman who milks cows by hand or works in a dairy. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# milkmaid

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** woman, milkmaid, Edward Jenner, Milkmaids, painting, milking machines · **What happens:** milk, work, carry, study, call, dream · **To what, where:** cows, two buckets, milkmaid, fable, milk, work · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«milkmaid» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [milkmaid in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/milkmaid.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A girl or woman who milks cows by hand or works in a dairy.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:m1:1
# text = A girl or woman who milks cows by hand or works in a dairy.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	milks	milk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	dairy	dairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **milk** | present | woman | cows |  |  |  | by hand | vn cheat-10.6.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Source |
| 2 | **work** | present | woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in a dairy | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in dairy=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: stories — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A common character in old tales, nursery rhymes and pictures of country life.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:m2:1
# text = A common character in old tales, nursery rhymes and pictures of country life.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	nursery	nursery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	rhymes	rhyme	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The milkmaid carried two buckets of milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:x1:1
# text = The milkmaid carried two buckets of milk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	milkmaid	milkmaid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	buckets	bucket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | past | the milkmaid | two buckets of milk |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bucket=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Edward Jenner studied a milkmaid called Sarah Nelmes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:x2:1
# text = Edward Jenner studied a milkmaid called Sarah Nelmes.
1	Edward	Edward	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Jenner	Jenner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	studied	study	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	milkmaid	milkmaid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	Sarah	Sarah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	_
8	Nelmes	Nelmes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | past | Edward Jenner | a milkmaid |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milkmaid=Topic |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | a milkmaid *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the fable, the milkmaid dreamed of riches and spilled her milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:x3:1
# text = In the fable, the milkmaid dreamed of riches and spilled her milk.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	fable	fable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	milkmaid	milkmaid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	dreamed	dream	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	riches	rich	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	spilled	spill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dream** | past | the milkmaid |  |  | the fable |  | of riches | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **spill** | past | the milkmaid *not said here* | milkmaid's milk |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location milk=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Milkmaids got up very early to milk the cows.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:x4:1
# text = Milkmaids got up very early to milk the cows.
1	Milkmaids	milkmaid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get up** | past | Milkmaids |  |  |  |  | early *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The painting shows a milkmaid pouring milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:x5:1
# text = The painting shows a milkmaid pouring milk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	milkmaid	milkmaid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	pouring	pour	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the painting |  | a milkmaid |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent milkmaid=Recipient |
| 2 | **pour** | gerund | a milkmaid *not said here* | milk |  |  |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Today, milking machines do the work of the old milkmaids.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:x6:1
# text = Today, milking machines do the work of the old milkmaids.
1	Today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	milking	milking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	milkmaids	milkmaid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | milking machines | the work of the old milkmaids |  |  | today |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Eventuality |
| 2 | **work** |  | the old milkmaids |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“There!” cried the milkmaid angrily. “See what you have done!

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* “There!” cried the milkmaid angrily.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:x7:1
# text = “There!” cried the milkmaid angrily.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	milkmaid	milkmaid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	angrily	angrily	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the milkmaid |  |  | there |  | angrily *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* “See what you have done!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:milkmaid:x7:2
# text = “See what you have done!
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	See	see	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	6	obj	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **do** *in a quote* | present · perfect | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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