---
title: miner — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «miner» in the school dictionary: A miner is a person who digs under the ground to get coal, gold, metal or stones. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# miner

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** miner, person, miners, 12 miners, many miners, canary · **What happens:** be, dig, get, use, find, share · **To what, where:** person, ground, coal, picks, old stories, mine

<!-- .vabout -->
«miner» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [miner in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/miner.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A miner is a person who digs under the ground to get coal, gold, metal or stones.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:m1:1
# text = A miner is a person who digs under the ground to get coal, gold, metal or stones.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	miner	miner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	digs	dig	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	under	under	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
13	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a miner | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dig** | present | a person |  |  | the ground |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent under ground=Location |
| 3 | **get** | to-infinitive | a person *not said here* | coal and gold and metal or stones |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer coal=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In old stories miners used picks, lamps and carts in dark tunnels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:m2:1
# text = In old stories miners used picks, lamps and carts in dark tunnels.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
4	miners	miner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	picks	pick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	lamps	lamp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	carts	cart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	tunnels	tunnel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | miners | picks and lamps and carts |  | old stories |  | in dark tunnels | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pick=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 12 miners in the mine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:x1:1
# text = There are 12 miners in the mine.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	miners	miner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mine	mine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 12 miners |  |  | the mine; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mine=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each miner digs 3 tons of coal a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:x2:1
# text = Each miner digs 3 tons of coal a day.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	miner	miner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	digs	dig	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	tons	ton	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig** | present | each miner | 3 tons of coal |  |  | day |  | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent ton=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A miner found 8 gold nuggets.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:x3:1
# text = A miner found 8 gold nuggets.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	miner	miner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	nuggets	nugget	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | a miner | 8 gold nuggets |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nugget=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The miners shared the gold equally.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:x4:1
# text = The miners shared the gold equally.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	miners	miner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shared	share	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	equally	equally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | past | the miners | the gold |  |  |  | equally *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Miners wear helmets with lamps on them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:x5:1
# text = Miners wear helmets with lamps on them.
1	Miners	miner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	helmets	helmet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	lamps	lamp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | Miners | helmets |  |  |  | with lamps on lamps | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
During the gold rush, many miners came to the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:x6:1
# text = During the gold rush, many miners came to the river.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	rush	rush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	miners	miner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | many miners |  |  | the river | during the gold rush |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial\_Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The canary warned the miners about bad air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:x7:1
# text = The canary warned the miners about bad air.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	canary	canary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	miners	miner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the canary | the miners |  |  |  | about bad air | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent miner=Recipient about air=Topic |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The miner pushed the cart out of the tunnel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miner:x8:1
# text = The miner pushed the cart out of the tunnel.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	miner	miner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pushed	push	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cart	cart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tunnel	tunnel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | past | the miner | the cart |  | the tunnel |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent cart=Theme out tunnel=Trajectory |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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