---
title: ministry — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ministry» in the school dictionary: A government department led by a minister: the Ministry of Education. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ministry

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** religious leader, someone, Ministry, schools, uncle, father · **What happens:** lead, work, spend, decide, teach, announce · **To what, where:** government department, new rules, ministry, vicar, advice, church · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ministry» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ministry in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ministry.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A government department led by a minister: the Ministry of Education.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:m1:1
# text = A government department led by a minister: the Ministry of Education.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	department	department	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Ministry	Ministry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Education	Education	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | participle |  | a government department *not said here* |  |  |  | by a minister | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by minister=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The work of a religious leader such as a priest or minister.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:m2:1
# text = The work of a religious leader such as a priest or minister.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	10	case	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** |  | a religious leader such a priest or minister |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The time someone spends as a government minister or religious minister.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:m3:1
# text = The time someone spends as a government minister or religious minister.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spends	spend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | present | someone |  |  |  | time | as a government minister or religious minister | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as minister=Attribute |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Ministry of Education decides what schools teach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:x1:1
# text = The Ministry of Education decides what schools teach.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Ministry	Ministry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Education	Education	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	decides	decide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	8	obj	_	_
7	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	teach	teach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | present | the Ministry of Education |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | schools |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My uncle works for the Ministry of Transport.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:x2:1
# text = My uncle works for the Ministry of Transport.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Ministry	Ministry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Transport	Transport	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | My uncle |  |  |  |  | for the Ministry of Transport | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for ministry=Beneficiary |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ministry announced new rules for cars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:x3:1
# text = The ministry announced new rules for cars.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ministry	ministry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	announced	announce	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **announce** *speech: other* | past | the ministry | new rules |  |  |  | for cars | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her father entered the ministry and became a vicar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:x4:1
# text = Her father entered the ministry and became a vicar.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ministry	ministry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	vicar	vicar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enter** | past | Her father | the ministry |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ministry=Destination |
| 2 | **become** | past | Her father *not said here* | a vicar |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Ministry of Health gives advice about flu.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:x5:1
# text = The Ministry of Health gives advice about flu.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Ministry	Ministry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Health	Health	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	flu	flu	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | the Ministry of Health | advice |  |  |  | about flu | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each ministry is led by a minister.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:x6:1
# text = Each ministry is led by a minister.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	ministry	ministry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | present · passive | a minister | each ministry |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The minister spoke about his ministry in the church.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ministry:x7:1
# text = The minister spoke about his ministry in the church.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	minister	minister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	ministry	ministry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the minister |  |  | the church |  | about minister's ministry | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about ministry=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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