---
title: minotaur — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «minotaur» in the school dictionary: The Minotaur is a monster in Greek myths with the body of a man and the head of a bull. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# minotaur

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Minotaur, It, hero, Theseus, Ariadne, King · **What happens:** be, live, call, kill, fight, have · **To what, where:** monster, Greek myths, maze, island, Minotaur, Labyrinth · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«minotaur» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [minotaur in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/minotaur.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Minotaur is a monster in Greek myths with the body of a man and the head of a bull.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:m1:1
# text = The Minotaur is a monster in Greek myths with the body of a man and the head of a bull.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	monster	monster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Greek	Greek	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	myths	myth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Minotaur | a monster |  | Greek myths with the body of a man and the head of a bull |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It lived in a maze called the Labyrinth on the island of Crete, and the hero Theseus killed it with help from Ariadne's thread.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:m2:1
# text = It lived in a maze called the Labyrinth on the island of Crete, and the hero Theseus killed it with help from Ariadne's thread.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	maze	maze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Labyrinth	Labyrinth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Crete	Crete	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	Theseus	Theseus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
19	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	Ariadne	Ariadne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	's	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	thread	thread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | It |  |  | a maze |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in maze=Location |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | a maze *not said here* |  | the island of Crete |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **kill** | past | the hero | island |  |  |  | with help from Ariadne's thread | vn murder-42.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with help=Instrument |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Theseus fought the Minotaur in the Labyrinth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:x1:1
# text = Theseus fought the Minotaur in the Labyrinth.
1	Theseus	Theseus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Labyrinth	Labyrinth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | past | Theseus | the Minotaur |  | the Labyrinth |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minotaur=Co-Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Minotaur had a bull's head and a man's body.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:x2:1
# text = The Minotaur had a bull's head and a man's body.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Minotaur | a bull's head |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ariadne gave Theseus a ball of thread to find his way out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:x3:1
# text = Ariadne gave Theseus a ball of thread to find his way out.
1	Ariadne	Ariadne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Theseus	Theseus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	iobj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	thread	thread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	out	out	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Ariadne | a ball of thread | Theseus |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent theseus=Recipient ball=Theme |
| 2 | **find out** | to-infinitive | Ariadne *not said here* | Ariadne's way |  |  |  | out *property* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
King Minos kept the Minotaur on Crete.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:x4:1
# text = King Minos kept the Minotaur on Crete.
1	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Minos	Minos	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Crete	Crete	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | King | the Minotaur |  | Crete |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent minotaur=Theme on crete=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We drew a maze with the Minotaur in the middle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:x5:1
# text = We drew a maze with the Minotaur in the middle.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	maze	maze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | We | a maze |  | the middle |  | with the Minotaur | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent maze=Theme in middle=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Minotaur is a myth, not a real animal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:x6:1
# text = The Minotaur is a myth, not a real animal.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Minotaur | a myth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the story, young people were sent to the Minotaur.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:x7:1
# text = In the story, young people were sent to the Minotaur.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past · passive |  | young people |  | the story |  | to the Minotaur | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in story=Destination |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class acted out Theseus and the Minotaur.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:x8:1
# text = Our class acted out Theseus and the Minotaur.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	acted	act	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	Theseus	Theseus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act out** | past | Our class | Theseus and the Minotaur |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V PP.predicate»: agent=Agent theseus=Eventuality |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If morning finds thee here, my father will avenge the Minotaur."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:minotaur:x9:1
# text = If morning finds thee here, my father will avenge the Minotaur."
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	finds	find	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
4	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	obj	_	_
5	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	avenge	avenge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Minotaur	Minotaur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | morning | thee |  | here |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Topic |
| 2 | **avenge** | future | my father | the Minotaur |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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