---
title: miscarriage — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «miscarriage» in the school dictionary: When a baby growing inside its mother dies and comes out too early, long before it could live on its own. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# miscarriage

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** baby, miscarriage, justice, letter, plan, Mum · **What happens:** grow, die, come out, live, be, punish · **To what, where:** own, someone, nothing, wrong place, miscarriage, little brother · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«miscarriage» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [miscarriage in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/miscarriage.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When a baby growing inside its mother dies and comes out too early, long before it could live on its own.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miscarriage:m1:1
# text = When a baby growing inside its mother dies and comes out too early, long before it could live on its own.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	dies	die	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	too	too	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	19	advmod	_	_
16	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | gerund | a baby *not said here* |  |  |  |  | inside baby's mother | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside mother=Location |
| 2 | **die** | present | a baby |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **come out** | present | a baby *not said here* |  |  |  |  | early *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **live** | could | baby |  |  | baby's own |  | long *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on own=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A miscarriage of justice is when a court gets it wrong and punishes someone who did nothing wrong.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miscarriage:m2:1
# text = A miscarriage of justice is when a court gets it wrong and punishes someone who did nothing wrong.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	miscarriage	miscarriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	justice	justice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	punishes	punish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
14	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	13	obj	_	_
15	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
17	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	16	obj	_	_
18	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a miscarriage of justice |  |  |  |  | get, wrong *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **punish** | present | a miscarriage of justice *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient |
| 3 | **do** | past |  | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality |
| 4 | **miscarry** |  | justice |  |  |  |  |  | nom miscarriage «event intransitive»: of=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, old — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A failure of a plan, or a letter or parcel going to the wrong place.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miscarriage:m3:1
# text = A failure of a plan, or a letter or parcel going to the wrong place.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	failure	failure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	parcel	parcel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | gerund | a letter or parcel *not said here* |  |  | the wrong place |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to place=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **fail** |  | a plan |  |  |  |  |  | nom failure «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum had a miscarriage before my little brother was born.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miscarriage:x1:1
# text = Mum had a miscarriage before my little brother was born.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	miscarriage	miscarriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Mum | a miscarriage |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent miscarriage=Patient |
| 2 | **bear** | past · passive |  | my little brother |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was very sad after the miscarriage, so we made her a card.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miscarriage:x2:1
# text = She was very sad after the miscarriage, so we made her a card.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	miscarriage	miscarriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | She |  |  |  | after the miscarriage | sad *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | past | we | a card | her *= she* |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset she=Beneficiary card=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doctors said nobody was to blame for the miscarriage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miscarriage:x3:1
# text = Doctors said nobody was to blame for the miscarriage.
1	Doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	blame	blame	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	miscarriage	miscarriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Doctors |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | past | nobody |  |  |  |  | for the miscarriage; blame *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Locking up the wrong man was a miscarriage of justice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miscarriage:x4:1
# text = Locking up the wrong man was a miscarriage of justice.
1	Locking	lock	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	miscarriage	miscarriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	justice	justice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lock up** | gerund |  | the wrong man |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Locking | a miscarriage |  |  |  | of justice | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The newspaper called the trial a terrible miscarriage of justice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miscarriage:x5:1
# text = The newspaper called the trial a terrible miscarriage of justice.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trial	trial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	terrible	terrible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	miscarriage	miscarriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	justice	justice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle · passive |  | the newspaper |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **miscarry** |  | justice |  |  |  |  |  | nom miscarriage «event intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Talk about a miscarriage gently, because it hurts families.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:miscarriage:x6:1
# text = Talk about a miscarriage gently, because it hurts families.
1	Talk	talk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	about	about	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	miscarriage	miscarriage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	hurts	hurt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about a miscarriage; gently *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about miscarriage=Topic |
| 2 | **hurt** | present | miscarriage | families |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer family=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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