---
title: misstate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «misstate» in the school dictionary: To say or write something wrongly or falsely, such as facts or numbers, by mistake or on purpose. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# misstate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** report, He, his, company, you, your · **What happens:** say, write, misstate, essay, get, profit · **To what, where:** something, number, school, date, profits, trouble · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«misstate» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [misstate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/misstate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To say or write something wrongly or falsely, such as facts or numbers, by mistake or on purpose.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:misstate:m1:1
# text = To say or write something wrongly or falsely, such as facts or numbers, by mistake or on purpose.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	wrongly	wrongly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	falsely	falsely	ADV	RB	_	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **write** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | such facts or numbers; wrongly *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The report misstated the number of pupils at the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:misstate:x1:1
# text = The report misstated the number of pupils at the school.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	misstated	misstate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **misstate** | past | the report | the number of pupils |  | the school |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He misstated the date of the battle in his essay.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:misstate:x2:1
# text = He misstated the date of the battle in his essay.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	misstated	misstate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	date	date	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	essay	essay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **misstate** | past | He | the date of the battle in his essay |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **essay** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom essay «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The company misstated its profits and got into trouble.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:misstate:x3:1
# text = The company misstated its profits and got into trouble.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	misstated	misstate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	profits	profit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **misstate** | past | the company | company's profits |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | past | the company *not said here* |  |  | trouble |  |  | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into trouble=Destination |
| 3 | **profit** |  | company |  |  |  |  |  | nom profit «possession intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please check your notes so you don't misstate the facts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:misstate:x4:1
# text = Please check your notes so you don't misstate the facts.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	misstate	misstate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | imperative | you *not said here* | your notes |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent note=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **misstate** | present · do-support | you | the facts |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **note** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom note «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The article misstated what the scientist had found.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:misstate:x5:1
# text = The article misstated what the scientist had found.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	misstated	misstate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	8	obj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	scientist	scientist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **misstate** | past | the article |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | past · perfect · passive |  | the scientist |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme what=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was careful not to misstate the rules of the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:misstate:x6:1
# text = She was careful not to misstate the rules of the game.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	misstate	misstate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | She |  |  |  |  | careful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **misstate** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | the rules of the game |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **rule** |  | the game |  |  |  |  |  | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sign misstated the opening times.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:misstate:x7:1
# text = The sign misstated the opening times.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	misstated	misstate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	opening	opening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **misstate** | past | the sign |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If you misstate a number in step one, every later answer will be wrong.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:misstate:x8:1
# text = If you misstate a number in step one, every later answer will be wrong.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	misstate	misstate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
10	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
11	later	late	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
15	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **misstate** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | a number |  |  |  | in step | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | future | every later answer |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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