---
title: monkey — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «monkey» in the school dictionary: A clever animal with long arms and legs, hands that grip, and usually a long tail, that lives mostly in trees in hot countries. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# monkey

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hands, long tail, cheeky child, Monkeys, tails, We · **What happens:** grip, live, play, swing, use, help · **To what, where:** long tail, trees, tricks, monkey, branch, tails

<!-- .vabout -->
«monkey» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [monkey in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/monkey.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A clever animal with long arms and legs, hands that grip, and usually a long tail, that lives mostly in trees in hot countries.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:m1:1
# text = A clever animal with long arms and legs, hands that grip, and usually a long tail, that lives mostly in trees in hot countries.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	grip	grip	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
22	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grip** | present | hands | a long tail |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **live** | present | a long tail |  |  | trees |  | in hot countries; mostly *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tree=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cheeky child who plays tricks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:m2:1
# text = A cheeky child who plays tricks.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cheeky	cheeky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	plays	play	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	tricks	trick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | a cheeky child | tricks |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trick=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb, monkey around — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To play about in a silly way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:m3:1
# text = To play about in a silly way.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	play	play	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	silly	silly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | about a silly way | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monkey swung from branch to branch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:x1:1
# text = The monkey swung from branch to branch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	swung	swing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	branch	branch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	branch	branch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swing** | participle |  | the monkey *not said here* |  | branch |  | to branch *result* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient from branch=Initial\_State to branch=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Monkeys use their tails to help them balance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:x2:1
# text = Monkeys use their tails to help them balance.
1	Monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	tails	tail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	balance	balance	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Monkeys | Monkeys's tails |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive | Monkeys *not said here* | tails *= tail* |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **balance** | infinitive | tails *= tail* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We played on the monkey bars at break.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:x3:1
# text = We played on the monkey bars at break.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	bars	bar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	break	break	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | We |  |  | the monkey bars |  | at break | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop monkeying around and finish your work!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:x4:1
# text = Stop monkeying around and finish your work!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	monkeying	monkey	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	around	around	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	finish	finish	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **monkey around** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | around *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **finish** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your work |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality work=Eventuality |
| 4 | **work** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You cheeky monkey — you hid my shoes!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:x5:1
# text = You cheeky monkey — you hid my shoes!
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	cheeky	cheeky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past | you | my shoes |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chimpanzee is an ape, not a monkey.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:x6:1
# text = A chimpanzee is an ape, not a monkey.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chimpanzee	chimpanzee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ape	ape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a chimpanzee | a ape and a monkey |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monkeys at the zoo were eating bananas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:x7:1
# text = The monkeys at the zoo were eating bananas.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	bananas	banana	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the monkeys at the zoo | eating bananas |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No monkey business while I'm out!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:x8:1
# text = No monkey business while I'm out!
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
2	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	out	out	ADV	RB	_	3	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | I | no monkey business *not said here* |  |  |  | out *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monkeys scattered with cries of--“Kaa!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monkey:x9:1
# text = The monkeys scattered with cries of--“Kaa!
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	scattered	scatter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cries	cry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Kaa	Kaa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scatter** | participle · passive |  | the monkeys |  |  |  | with cries of Kaa | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: subject=Destination with cry=Theme |
| 2 | **cry** |  | Kaa |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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