---
title: monotonously — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «monotonously» in the school dictionary: Monotonously means in a dull, unchanging way, the same over and over. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# monotonously

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**Who acts:** clock, She, bell · **What happens:** mean, unchang, tick, count, ring

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«monotonously» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [monotonously in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/monotonously.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Monotonously means in a dull, unchanging way, the same over and over.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monotonously:m1:1
# text = Monotonously means in a dull, unchanging way, the same over and over.
1	Monotonously	monotonously	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	dull	dull	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	unchanging	unchang	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	appos	_	_
12	over	over	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	over	over	ADV	RB	_	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | in a dull unchanging way; monotonously *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute |
| 2 | **unchang** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clock ticked monotonously all night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monotonously:x1:1
# text = The clock ticked monotonously all night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ticked	tick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	monotonously	monotonously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tick** | past | the clock |  |  |  | night | monotonously *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She counted monotonously, one, two, three.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monotonously:x2:1
# text = She counted monotonously, one, two, three.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	counted	count	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	monotonously	monotonously	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | past | She |  |  |  |  | monotonously *property* | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bell rang monotonously all morning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monotonously:x3:1
# text = The bell rang monotonously all morning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rang	ring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	monotonously	monotonously	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ring** | past | the bell |  |  |  | morning | monotonously *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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