---
title: monsieur — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «monsieur» in the school dictionary: Monsieur is the French word for "Mr" or "sir", used before a man's name or to speak to a man politely: «Bonjour, monsieur!». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# monsieur

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Monsieur, man, animal, French, show, waiter · **What happens:** be, use, speak, name, make, sound · **To what, where:** French word, monsieur, English, man, French, funny title · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«monsieur» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [monsieur in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/monsieur.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: French — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Monsieur is the French word for "Mr" or "sir", used before a man's name or to speak to a man politely: «Bonjour, monsieur!».

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:m1:1
# text = Monsieur is the French word for "Mr" or "sir", used before a man's name or to speak to a man politely: «Bonjour, monsieur!».
1	Monsieur	monsieur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Mr	Mr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	sir	sir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
16	before	before	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	politely	politely	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
29	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	Bonjour	Bonjour	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	monsieur	monsieur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Monsieur | the French word |  |  |  | for Mr or sir | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | the French word *not said here* |  |  | before a man's name |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to a man; politely *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to man=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **name** |  | a man |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In English, «monsieur» is sometimes used in jokes or stories to make a man sound French.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:m2:1
# text = In English, «monsieur» is sometimes used in jokes or stories to make a man sound French.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	monsieur	monsieur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	9	advmod	_	_
9	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	sound	sound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
19	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · passive |  | monsieur |  | English |  | in jokes or stories; sometimes *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sound** | infinitive | a man *not said here* | French |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location french=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Monsieur can also be a funny title put before an animal's name in a story, such as a cat, to make it sound grand and French.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:m3:1
# text = Monsieur can also be a funny title put before an animal's name in a story, such as a cat, to make it sound grand and French.
1	Monsieur	monsieur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	title	title	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	21	case	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	sound	sound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
27	grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	xcomp	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | Monsieur | a funny title |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **put** | participle |  | a funny title *not said here* |  | a story | before a animal's name |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent before name=Destination |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | Monsieur *not said here* | Monsieur |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **sound** | infinitive | Monsieur *not said here* |  |  |  |  | grand *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 5 | **name** |  | a animal |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(French) Bonjour, monsieur !

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:x1:1
# text = (French) Bonjour, monsieur !
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Bonjour	Bonjour	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	monsieur	monsieur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(French) Merci beaucoup, monsieur.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:x2:1
# text = (French) Merci beaucoup, monsieur.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Merci	Merci	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	beaucoup	beaucoup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	monsieur	monsieur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(French) Monsieur Martin is our French teacher.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:x3:1
# text = (French) Monsieur Martin is our French teacher.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Monsieur	Monsieur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Martin	Martin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | French and Monsieur Martin | our French teacher |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(French) Mesdames et messieurs, the show is about to begin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:x4:1
# text = (French) Mesdames et messieurs, the show is about to begin.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Mesdames	madame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	et	et	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	messieurs	monsieur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	show	show	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	about	about	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	begin	begin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the show |  |  |  |  | about *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **begin** | to-infinitive | the show *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The waiter said, "Your soup, monsieur."

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:x5:1
# text = The waiter said, "Your soup, monsieur."
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	waiter	waiter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	monsieur	monsieur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the waiter |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(French) Excusez-moi, monsieur, où est la gare ?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:x6:1
# text = (French) Excusez-moi, monsieur, où est la gare ?
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Excusez	Excusez	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	moi	MoI	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	monsieur	monsieur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	où	où	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	8	appos	_	_
11	est	est	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	10	flat:foreign	_	_
12	la	la	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	10	flat:foreign	_	_
13	gare	Gare	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	_
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rash and foolish young rabbit jumped into his bag, and Monsieur Puss, immediately drawing close the strings, took and killed him without pity.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsieur:x7:1
# text = A rash and foolish young rabbit jumped into his bag, and Monsieur Puss, immediately drawing close the strings, took and killed him without pity.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rash	rash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	foolish	foolish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rabbit	rabbit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	Monsieur	Monsieur	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	Puss	Puss	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
18	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	strings	string	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
25	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	without	without	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	pity	pity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | a rash and foolish young rabbit | Monsieur |  | rabbit's bag |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into bag=Destination |
| 2 | **draw** | gerund | a rash and foolish young rabbit *not said here* |  |  |  |  | immediately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **close** | infinitive | a rash and foolish young rabbit *not said here* | the strings |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent string=Patient |
| 4 | **take** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **kill** | past |  | Monsieur |  |  |  | without pity | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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