---
title: monsoon — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «monsoon» in the school dictionary: A wind in South Asia and nearby places that changes direction with the seasons. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# monsoon

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** nearby places, season, monsoon, Farmers, roads, Northern Australia · **What happens:** change, bring, wait, flood, have, be · **To what, where:** direction, heavy rain, India, rice, we

<!-- .vabout -->
«monsoon» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [monsoon in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/monsoon.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wind in South Asia and nearby places that changes direction with the seasons.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:m1:1
# text = A wind in South Asia and nearby places that changes direction with the seasons.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	nearby	nearby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	changes	change	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	seasons	season	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | nearby places | direction |  |  | season |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The season of very heavy rain that this wind brings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:m2:1
# text = The season of very heavy rain that this wind brings.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | the season of heavy rain |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very heavy rain anywhere.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:m3:1
# text = Very heavy rain anywhere.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monsoon brings heavy rain to India every summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:x1:1
# text = The monsoon brings heavy rain to India every summer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monsoon	monsoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | the monsoon | heavy rain | India |  | summer |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rain=Theme to india=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Farmers wait for the monsoon to water their rice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:x2:1
# text = Farmers wait for the monsoon to water their rice.
1	Farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wait	wait	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	monsoon	monsoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	advcl	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | present | Farmers | Farmers's rice |  |  |  | for the monsoon | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
During the monsoon, some roads flood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:x3:1
# text = During the monsoon, some roads flood.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	monsoon	monsoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	det	_	_
6	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	flood	flood	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flood** | present | some roads |  |  |  | during the monsoon |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Northern Australia has a wet season with monsoon rains.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:x4:1
# text = Northern Australia has a wet season with monsoon rains.
1	Northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	monsoon	monsoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	rains	rain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Northern Australia |  |  |  | season |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was like a monsoon outside — we got soaked! (informal)

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It was like a monsoon outside — we got soaked!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:x5:1
# text = It was like a monsoon outside — we got soaked!
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	monsoon	monsoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	got	get	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	soaked	soak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | It |  |  |  |  | like a monsoon; outside *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **soak** | past · passive |  | we |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (informal)

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:x5:2
# text = (informal)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monsoon winds change direction with the seasons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:x6:1
# text = The monsoon winds change direction with the seasons.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	monsoon	monsoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	seasons	season	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | present | the monsoon winds | direction |  |  | season |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So I stayed with him till the time of the monsoon, and every day we added to our store of ivory till all his ware-houses were overflowing with it.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monsoon:x7:1
# text = So I stayed with him till the time of the monsoon, and every day we added to our store of ivory till all his ware-houses were overflowing with it.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	till	till	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	monsoon	monsoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl:unmarked	_	_
16	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	added	add	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	store	store	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	ivory	ivory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
24	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	28	det:predet	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
26	ware	ware	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nsubj	_	_
29	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	overflowing	overflow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | I |  |  |  | time | with him *= he* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with he=Location |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | past | we |  |  |  | day | to our store of ivory | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent to store=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **overflow** | past · progressive | his ware houses |  |  |  |  | with ivory | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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