---
title: monument — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «monument» in the school dictionary: A statue, building or stone made to remember a famous person or event. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# monument

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** building, place, We, Statue, Stonehenge, city · **What happens:** make, remember, be, visit, build, not climb · **To what, where:** building, famous person, history, monument, famous monument, ancient monument

<!-- .vabout -->
«monument» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [monument in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/monument.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A statue, building or stone made to remember a famous person or event.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:m1:1
# text = A statue, building or stone made to remember a famous person or event.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	statue	statue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | building or stone *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **remember** | to-infinitive | building or stone *not said here* | a famous person or event |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent person=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An old building or place that is important in history: an ancient monument.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:m2:1
# text = An old building or place that is important in history: an ancient monument.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | place |  |  | history |  | important *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A great example of something: a monument to hard work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:m3:1
# text = A great example of something: a monument to hard work.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We visited a monument to the soldiers of the town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:x1:1
# text = We visited a monument to the soldiers of the town.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	visited	visit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | past | We | a monument |  |  |  | to the soldiers of the town | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent monument=Co-Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Statue of Liberty is a famous monument.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:x2:1
# text = The Statue of Liberty is a famous monument.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Statue	Statue	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Liberty	Liberty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Statue of Liberty | a famous monument |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stonehenge is an ancient monument.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:x3:1
# text = Stonehenge is an ancient monument.
1	Stonehenge	Stonehenge	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Stonehenge | a ancient monument |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The city built a monument to its firefighters.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:x4:1
# text = The city built a monument to its firefighters.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	firefighters	firefighter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past | the city | a monument |  |  |  | to city's firefighters | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset monument=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please do not climb on the monument.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:x5:1
# text = Please do not climb on the monument.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	climb	climb	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **climb** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | the monument |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on monument=Trajectory |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bridge stands as a monument to the builders' skill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:x6:1
# text = The bridge stands as a monument to the builders' skill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	builders	builder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	'	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | the bridge |  |  |  |  | as a monument; to the builders's skill | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tourists queued to see the monument.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:x7:1
# text = Tourists queued to see the monument.
1	Tourists	tourist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	queued	queue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **queue** | past | Tourists |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | Tourists *not said here* | the monument |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer monument=Stimulus |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class laid flowers at the monument.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:x8:1
# text = Our class laid flowers at the monument.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | Our class | flowers |  | the monument |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent flower=Theme at monument=Destination |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A monument was also erected over his grave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:monument:x9:1
# text = A monument was also erected over his grave.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monument	monument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	erected	erect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **erect** | past · passive |  | a monument |  | his grave |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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