---
title: morse — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «morse» in the school dictionary: Morse code is a way of sending messages using short and long signals, dots and dashes, for each letter. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# morse

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Morse code, way, messages, Morse, Samuel, Ships · **What happens:** be, send, use, help, make, call · **To what, where:** way, messages, short signals, family name, telegraph, Morse code · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«morse» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [morse in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/morse.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Morse code is a way of sending messages using short and long signals, dots and dashes, for each letter.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:morse:m1:1
# text = Morse code is a way of sending messages using short and long signals, dots and dashes, for each letter.
1	Morse	morse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	sending	send	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	signals	signal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	dots	dot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	dashes	dash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	det	_	_
21	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Morse code | a way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **send** | gerund | a way *not said here* | messages |  |  |  | for each letter | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme |
| 3 | **use** | gerund | messages *not said here* | short signals and dots and dashes |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent signal=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Morse is also a family name, from the inventor Samuel Morse, who helped make the telegraph and the code.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:morse:m2:1
# text = Morse is also a family name, from the inventor Samuel Morse, who helped make the telegraph and the code.
1	Morse	morse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	inventor	inventor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
12	Morse	Morse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
16	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	telegraph	telegraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Morse | a family name and the inventor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **help** | past | Samuel |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive | Samuel *not said here* | the telegraph and the code |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset telegraph=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ships used Morse code to call for help.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:morse:x1:1
# text = Ships used Morse code to call for help.
1	Ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Morse	Morse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Ships | Morse code |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent code=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | to-infinitive | Ships *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for help | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for help=Recipient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
SOS in Morse code is dot dot dot, dash dash dash, dot dot dot.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:morse:x2:1
# text = SOS in Morse code is dot dot dot, dash dash dash, dot dot dot.
1	SOS	sos	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	Morse	Morse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	dot	dot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	dot	dot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	dot	dot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	dash	dash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
11	dash	dash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	dash	dash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	dot	dot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	dot	dot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	dot	dot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | SOS in Morse code | dot dot dot and dash dash dash and dot dot |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We tapped messages in Morse code on the desk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:morse:x3:1
# text = We tapped messages in Morse code on the desk.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tapped	tap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	Morse	Morse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tap** | past | We | messages |  | Morse code on the desk |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent message=Theme in code=Destination |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The scouts learned Morse code with torches.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:morse:x4:1
# text = The scouts learned Morse code with torches.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	scouts	scout	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	learned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Morse	Morse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	torches	torch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | the scouts | Morse code |  |  |  | with torches | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent code=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Samuel Morse helped invent the telegraph.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:morse:x5:1
# text = Samuel Morse helped invent the telegraph.
1	Samuel	Samuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Morse	Morse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	invent	invent	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	telegraph	telegraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | Samuel |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **invent** | infinitive | Samuel *not said here* | the telegraph |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent telegraph=Result |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you spell your name in Morse?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:morse:x6:1
# text = Can you spell your name in Morse?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spell	spell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Morse	Morse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spell** | can | you | your name |  | Morse |  |  | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent name=Theme in morse=Manner |
| 2 | **name** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dash lasts longer than a dot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:morse:x7:1
# text = A dash lasts longer than a dot.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dash	dash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lasts	last	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dot	dot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | present | a dash |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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