---
title: mossy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mossy» in the school dictionary: Covered with moss, the soft, green, low plant that grows on damp stones, trees and ground. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mossy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** soft green low plant, path, mossy rocks, old mossy wall, frog, We · **What happens:** cover, grow, be, run, sit, find · **To what, where:** damp stones, garden, mossy log, tiny insects, mossy bark, fairy house

<!-- .vabout -->
«mossy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mossy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mossy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Covered with moss, the soft, green, low plant that grows on damp stones, trees and ground.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:m1:1
# text = Covered with moss, the soft, green, low plant that grows on damp stones, trees and ground.
1	Covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	moss	moss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
6	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with moss | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with moss=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | present | the soft green low plant |  |  | damp stones and trees and ground |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on stone=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Like moss: soft, green and springy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:m2:1
# text = Like moss: soft, green and springy.
1	Like	like	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	moss	moss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	springy	springy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The path through the woods was soft and mossy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:x1:1
# text = The path through the woods was soft and mossy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	mossy	mossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the path through the woods |  |  |  |  | soft *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the path through the woods *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be careful, those mossy rocks are slippery!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:x2:1
# text = Be careful, those mossy rocks are slippery!
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
4	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
5	mossy	mossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	slippery	slippery	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | careful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | that mossy rocks |  |  |  |  | slippery *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An old mossy wall ran round the garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:x3:1
# text = An old mossy wall ran round the garden.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	mossy	mossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	round	round	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | a old mossy wall |  |  | the garden |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round garden=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frog sat on a mossy log by the pond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:x4:1
# text = The frog sat on a mossy log by the pond.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	mossy	mossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	log	log	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the frog |  |  | a mossy log |  | by the pond | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on log=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We found tiny insects living in the mossy bark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:x5:1
# text = We found tiny insects living in the mossy bark.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	mossy	mossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | We | tiny insects |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Topic |
| 2 | **live** | gerund | tiny insects *not said here* |  |  | the mossy bark |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bark=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The roof of the shed was green and mossy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:x6:1
# text = The roof of the shed was green and mossy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shed	shed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	mossy	mossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the roof of the shed |  |  |  |  | green *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the roof of the shed *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fairy house was built on a mossy stump.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:x7:1
# text = The fairy house was built on a mossy stump.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fairy	fairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	mossy	mossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	stump	stump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | past · passive |  | the fairy house |  | a mossy stump |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme on stump=Source |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As usual, her attendants let her do anything she pleased, and sitting down on a mossy bank where a little stream tinkled by, soon fell sound asleep.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mossy:x8:1
# text = As usual, her attendants let her do anything she pleased, and sitting down on a mossy bank where a little stream tinkled by, soon fell sound asleep.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	attendants	attendant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	let	let	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	_
10	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	pleased	pleased	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
15	down	down	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	mossy	mossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	19	nmod	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
24	tinkled	tinkle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl	_	_
25	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	28	advmod	_	_
28	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
29	sound	sound	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	xcomp	_	_
30	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | past | her attendants | her *= she* |  |  |  | as usual | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | infinitive | her *= she* *not said here* | anything |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Eventuality |
| 3 | **sit down** | gerund | her attendants *not said here* |  |  | a mossy bank |  | down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bank=Location |
| 4 | **tinkle** | participle |  | a little stream *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **fall** | past | her attendants *not said here* |  |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 6 | **sound** | infinitive | her attendants *not said here* |  |  |  |  | asleep *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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