---
title: muggy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «muggy» in the school dictionary: Muggy weather is warm, damp and still, with heavy, sticky air that makes you feel hot and tired. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# muggy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Muggy weather, heavy sticky air, you, place, It, shirt · **What happens:** be, make, feel, stick, not sleep, open · **To what, where:** you, window, classroom, muggiest day · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«muggy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [muggy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/muggy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Muggy weather is warm, damp and still, with heavy, sticky air that makes you feel hot and tired.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:m1:1
# text = Muggy weather is warm, damp and still, with heavy, sticky air that makes you feel hot and tired.
1	Muggy	muggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	sticky	sticky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Muggy weather |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Muggy weather *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | present | heavy sticky air | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **feel** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A room or place that feels close and stuffy, with warm, damp air and no fresh breeze.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:m2:1
# text = A room or place that feels close and stuffy, with warm, damp air and no fresh breeze.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	stuffy	stuffy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
14	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	19	det	_	_
18	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	breeze	breeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | place |  |  |  |  | with warm damp air and no fresh breeze; close *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's really muggy today, so my shirt is sticking to my back.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:x1:1
# text = It's really muggy today, so my shirt is sticking to my back.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	really	really	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	muggy	muggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	sticking	stick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  | today | muggy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **stick** | present · progressive | my shirt |  |  |  |  | to my back | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air felt warm and muggy before the thunderstorm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:x2:1
# text = The air felt warm and muggy before the thunderstorm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	muggy	muggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	thunderstorm	thunderstorm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | the air |  |  |  | before the thunderstorm | warm *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We couldn't sleep on that muggy summer night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:x3:1
# text = We couldn't sleep on that muggy summer night.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	_
7	muggy	muggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sleep** | could | We |  |  |  | night |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Open a window, it's muggy in this classroom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:x4:1
# text = Open a window, it's muggy in this classroom.
1	Open	open	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	muggy	muggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	classroom	classroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | imperative | you *not said here* | a window |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location window=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | window |  |  | this classroom |  | muggy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Muggy weather means there is lots of water vapour in the air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:x5:1
# text = Muggy weather means there is lots of water vapour in the air.
1	Muggy	muggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	_
5	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	vapour	vapour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Muggy weather |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **does** | present | lots of water vapour in the air |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brisbane can be very hot and muggy in January.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:x6:1
# text = Brisbane can be very hot and muggy in January.
1	Brisbane	Brisbane	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	muggy	muggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | can | Brisbane |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Brisbane *not said here* |  |  |  | january |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the rain the jungle was muggy and full of insects.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:x7:1
# text = After the rain the jungle was muggy and full of insects.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	jungle	jungle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	muggy	muggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the jungle |  |  |  | after the rain | muggy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the jungle *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of insects | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was the muggiest day of the summer holidays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:muggy:x8:1
# text = It was the muggiest day of the summer holidays.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	muggiest	muggy	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | the muggiest day |  |  |  | of the summer holidays | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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