---
title: mull — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mull» in the school dictionary: To mull over something: to think about it carefully for some time. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# mull

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Mull, I, Mole, Rat, She, Dad · **What happens:** mull, think, heat, be, mull over, tell · **To what, where:** something, wine, large island, Scottish word, it, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«mull» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mull in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mull.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To mull over something: to think about it carefully for some time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:m1:1
# text = To mull over something: to think about it carefully for some time.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	mull	mull	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	think	think	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	det	_	_
13	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mull** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | something |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | time | about it; carefully *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about it=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To heat wine, cider or juice with sugar and spices: mulled wine.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:m2:1
# text = To heat wine, cider or juice with sugar and spices: mulled wine.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	heat	heat	VERB	VB	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	cider	cider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	spices	spice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	mulled	mull	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heat** | to-infinitive |  | wine and cider or juice with sugar and spices |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent wine=Patient |
| 2 | **mull** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mull is a large island off the west coast of Scotland; «mull» is also a Scottish word for a headland, as in the Mull of Kintyre.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:m3:1
# text = Mull is a large island off the west coast of Scotland; «mull» is also a Scottish word for a headland, as in the Mull of Kintyre.
1	Mull	mull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	west	west	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	mull	mull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	also	also	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	Scottish	Scottish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	headland	headland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	as	as	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	Mull	mull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Kintyre	Kintyre	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mull | a large island and a Scottish word and the Mull of Kintyre |  |  |  | off the west coast of Scotland | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | mull | a Scottish word |  |  |  | for a headland | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I'll mull it over and tell you tomorrow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:x1:1
# text = I'll mull it over and tell you tomorrow.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mull	mull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	iobj	_	_
9	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mull over** | future | I | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | I *not said here* |  | you |  | tomorrow |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mole mulled over the Rat's words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:x2:1
# text = Mole mulled over the Rat's words.
1	Mole	Mole	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	mulled	mull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mull** | past | Mole |  |  | the Rat's words |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **word** |  | the Rat |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sat mulling over the maths problem.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:x3:1
# text = She sat mulling over the maths problem.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	mulling	mull	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	compound	_	_
7	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mull** | gerund | She *not said here* |  |  | the maths problem |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad made mulled apple juice for the children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:x4:1
# text = Dad made mulled apple juice for the children.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	mulled	mull	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
4	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Dad | mulled apple juice |  |  |  | for the children | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent juice=Material for child=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **mull** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smell of mulled wine filled the market.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:x5:1
# text = The smell of mulled wine filled the market.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	mulled	mull	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	market	market	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mull** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fill** | past | the smell of mulled wine | the market |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent market=Patient |
| 3 | **smell** |  | mulled wine |  |  |  |  |  | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went to the Isle of Mull to see puffins.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:x6:1
# text = We went to the Isle of Mull to see puffins.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Isle	Isle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Mull	mull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	puffins	puffin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  | the Isle of Mull |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to isle=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | puffins |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer puffin=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't mull too long — the bus is coming!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mull:x7:1
# text = Don't mull too long — the bus is coming!
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	mull	mull	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
6	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mull** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | long *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | present · progressive | the bus |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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