---
title: mutilated — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «mutilated» in the school dictionary: Mutilated means badly damaged, cut or broken, especially a body part that has been harmed. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/mutilated/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [M](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/) / mutilated

# mutilated

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** false bride, we · **What happens:** mutilate, mean, damage, cut, break, harm · **To what, where:** body part, text, mutilated foot, writing, old map · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«mutilated» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [mutilated in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/mutilated.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mutilated means badly damaged, cut or broken, especially a body part that has been harmed.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutilated:m1:1
# text = Mutilated means badly damaged, cut or broken, especially a body part that has been harmed.
1	Mutilated	mutilate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
4	damaged	damage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	harmed	harm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mutilate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **damage** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **cut** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **harm** | present · perfect · passive |  | a body part |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mutilated can mean that a text or picture has been damaged so that it is hard to read or understand.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutilated:m2:1
# text = Mutilated can mean that a text or picture has been damaged so that it is hard to read or understand.
1	Mutilated	mutilate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	damaged	damage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
12	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	16	mark	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	fixed	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	expl	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	advcl	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mutilate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **damage** | present · perfect · passive |  | a text or picture |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **read** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **understand** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The false bride had a mutilated foot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutilated:x1:1
# text = The false bride had a mutilated foot.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	false	false	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bride	bride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	mutilated	mutilate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the false bride | a mutilated foot |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient |
| 2 | **mutilate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The writing is mutilated, so we cannot read it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutilated:x2:1
# text = The writing is mutilated, so we cannot read it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	mutilated	mutilate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mutilate** | present · passive |  | the writing |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **read** | can | we | writing |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old map was badly mutilated.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:mutilated:x3:1
# text = The old map was badly mutilated.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
6	mutilated	mutilate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mutilate** | past · passive |  | the old map |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [muted](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/muted/)
- next →: [mutiny](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/mutiny/)
- ↑ back to [M in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/)